6/7/2017  |   13:30 - 16:00   |  Ballroom C

PATTERNS OF PLECOPTERA DISTRIBUTION IN INDIANA: USING MUSEUM DATA TO DETERMINE THE EFFECTS OF GLACIATION We used over 4500 records of Plecoptera from more than 2000 unique collection sites to build a list of known species from the state of Indiana. Many of these species have not been collected for many years, likely due to human caused changes in water quality and habitat degradation. Our goal is to answer three questions: First, how does the glacial history of different regions within the state affect species richness? Second, how has the species richness of Plecoptera changed in the state over time? Third, what are the drivers of these changes? We also intend to determine conservation status for each species based on these data. Preliminary analyses show greater Plecoptera species richness in unglaciated regions of the state when compared to glaciated regions. We also found that 7 species once known from the state have not been collected since 1950, and 11 others seem to have been extirpated from specific regions of the state.

Evan Newman (Primary Presenter/Author), University of Illinois, evanan2@illinois.edu;

6/7/2017  |   13:30 - 16:00   |  Ballroom C

SEASONAL VARIATION IN MACROINVERTEBRATES AFFECTED BY ACID MINE DRAINAGE Many streams in Appalachia are affected by acid mine drainage (AMD) from historical coal extraction practices. The responses of the summer macroinvertebrate communities to AMD have been well-documented. However, the composition of macroinvertebrate assemblages varies between seasons, and the sensitivity of spring and fall macroinvertebrate assemblages to AMD impairment has not been as well-studied. We tested the hypothesis that AMD chemical stressors have a weaker influence on macroinvertebrate communities in spring and fall compared to summer. We used mixed model ANOVA’s to compare N=11 impaired and N=9 unimpaired sites in which riffle habitat was sampled over consecutive seasons (spring-summer or summer-fall) to test for effects of season, AMD and interactions between season and AMD. AMD reduced overall taxa richness (p=0.001) and abundance (p=0.043) as well as scraper grazer richness (p=0.003) and abundance (p=0.003). Seasonal effects on taxonomic and functional composition of the riffle community were modest, indicating high overall redundancy. Contrary to our hypothesis, the only interaction between season and impairment was on total taxonomic richness (p=0.001), which increased from spring to fall at impaired sites but not unimpaired.

Andrew Travers ( Co-Presenter/Co-Author), Ohio University, at471413@ohio.edu;


Kelly Johnson (Primary Presenter/Author), Ohio University, johnsok3@ohio.edu;

6/7/2017  |   13:30 - 16:00   |  Ballroom C

SEASONAL VARIATION OF LAKE LITTORAL ZONE BENTHIC MACROINVERTEBRATES IN FOUR LAKES IN SOUTHEASTERN NEW YORK In this study, we examined four lakes in suburban Westchester County, New York from April through October 2009 and April through October 2010 to determine if species assemblages of benthic macroinvertebrates in the littoral zone demonstrated seasonal variation. Species richness, relative abundance and diversity were examined by season for each lake and between the lakes. In addition, physicochemical factors were also examined to determine if there was any significant variation among means of physicochemical factors in the lakes throughout the seasons. One of the lakes was in separate hydrological drainage, which we hypothesized would result in differences in diversity and species richness. Contrary to our hypothesis, we found no significant differences in species diversity or in physicochemical variables between the lakes. We did detect seasonal patterns in species assemblages.

Tami Cloherty (Primary Presenter/Author), Penn State Abington, tmc31@psu.edu;

6/7/2017  |   13:30 - 16:00   |  Ballroom C

SPATIAL AND TEMPORAL VARIATION IN MACROINVERTEBRATE ABUNDANCE IN TRIBUTARIES AT THE HUBBARD BROOK EXPERIMENTAL FOREST The Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest in New Hampshire has an especially rich history of long-term monitoring and experimental studies of ecosystem ecology. Stream biogeochemistry and hydrology are among the topics that have been extensively investigated, but the dynamics of stream macroinvertebrate communities in the watershed have received less attention. A survey was initiated in 2013 to document the macroinvertebrate communities across the Hubbard Brook valley. Using a Surber sampler, specimens were collected two times each summer from sites in 10 tributaries that flow into Hubbard Brook. Patterns in abundance and diversity of the macroinvertebrate community are discussed with respect to sampling time (mid vs. late summer); in the context of abiotic and biotic variables including pH, canopy cover, and the presence of brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis); and in comparison with earlier work in the watershed.

Kerry Yurewicz (Primary Presenter/Author), Plymouth State University, klyurewicz@plymouth.edu;

6/7/2017  |   13:30 - 16:00   |  Ballroom C

SUGAR-CANE CULTIVATION AND CHIRONOMID DIVERSITY FROM NEOTROPICAL STREAMS In Brazil, numerous areas of the native land cover vegetation have been removed and replaced by the sugar cane agriculture. This practice has caused deforestation, especially in the Brazilian southeast region. Currently, Brazil produces about 637 million tons of sugar cane in an area of 10 million of hectares. With the objective to contribute for designing Brazilian freshwater futures, we analyze eight streams (four located in areas with sugar-cane cultivation and four located in preserved areas) we collected the Chironomidae fauna and applied a simple method to find indicator species that would characterize groups of sites. In preserved streams, Parametriocnemus sp., Ablabesmyia (Karelia) and Endotribelos spp. had high densities. Chironomus spp. and Rheotanytarus spp. were dominant in streams located in areas of sugar-cane cultivation. The analyses of indicator species point to eight taxa in preserved streams and two taxa in the sugar-cane streams. NMDS (Non-metric Multidimensional Scale) analysis point to two groups, one gathered in the streams near the sugar-cane plantation and the other in the preserved streams. This agricultural activity seems to influence the Chironomidae community in Neotropical streams.

Juliano Corbi (Primary Presenter/Author), University of São Paulo, julianocorbi@usp.br;

6/7/2017  |   13:30 - 16:00   |  Ballroom C

THE IMPACT OF WATER CHEMISTRY AND LAKE CHARACTERISTICS ON MORPHOLOGY OF DAMSELFLY LARVAE Authors: Ruth H. Hoover Patrick D. Carroll Adam M. Siepielski Kate S. Boersma Humans affect aquatic habitats by altering their chemistry, nutrient content, and temperature. Studies have recorded impacts of these anthropogenic changes on the physiology and behavior of aquatic organisms, but less is known about how changes in water chemistry affect morphology. We examined the effects of physical, chemical, and biological changes in the aquatic environment on gill morphology in larval damselflies (Ischnura) collected from 19 lakes throughout California. We used linear modeling to determine which of a suite of 60 environmental predictors affected gill surface area (lamellae). Specifically, we hypothesized that increasing water temperatures and hypoxic conditions would be associated with damselfly larvae with larger lamellae. We found that turbidity was positively correlated with lamellae size but that temperature and dissolved oxygen were not important predictors. Damselfly larvae with larger lamellae are easier prey for fish, so a relationship between turbidity and lamellae size could impact aquatic food webs. Urbanization can cause increased turbidity and as human populations grow it is important to look at how ongoing anthropogenic changes will affect aquatic organisms.

Ruth Hoover (Primary Presenter/Author), University of San Diego, ruthhoover@sandiego.edu;


Patrick Carroll ( Co-Presenter/Co-Author), University of San Diego, patrickcarrol@sandiego.edu;


Kate Boersma ( Co-Presenter/Co-Author), University of San Diego, kateboersma@sandiego.edu;


Adam Siepielski ( Co-Presenter/Co-Author), University of Arkansas, amsiepie@uark.edu;

6/7/2017  |   13:30 - 16:00   |  Ballroom C

THE INFLUENCE OF DIDYMOSPHENIA GEMINATA ON THE RESOURCE USE BY INVERTEBRATES AND FISH IN FRESHWATER STREAMS. We used fatty acid methyl ester signatures to determine the effects of Didymosphenia geminata (Didymo) mat formation on food web dynamics and basal resource use in affected rivers. Invertebrates were collected from upstream areas with high Didymo levels and downstream areas with no concentrations in three Tennessee rivers. Lipid profiles of dominant macroinvertebrate taxa (Gammarus, Baetis, Chironomidae and Simuliidae) indicated a consistent reduction in the ratio of Omega-3 to Omega-6 fatty acids in upstream reaches. This change in fatty acid composition suggested a shift away from algal resources and a reduced reliance on biofilms in the presence of Didymo mats. Lipid profiles of brown trout (Salmo trutta) and rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) showed a similar shift in fatty acid composition, most likely due to changes in composition of their food sources. However, brown trout showed an increase in DHA in the presence of Didymo, which was not seen in the invertebrates. This may reflect some level of Didymo consumption by these fish. Overall, our results indicate a dramatic shift in food web structure in the presence of Didymo mats.

Michelle Baskins (Primary Presenter/Author), Canisius College, baskinsm@my.canisius.edu;


Jonathan O'Brien ( Co-Presenter/Co-Author), Canisius College, obrien46@canisius.edu;


Natalie Knorp ( Co-Presenter/Co-Author), Tennessee Tech University, neknorp42@students.tntech.edu;


Justin Murdock ( Co-Presenter/Co-Author), Tennessee Technological University, jnmurdock@tntech.edu;

6/7/2017  |   13:30 - 16:00   |  Ballroom C

DNA STABLE ISOTOPE PROBING METHODS TO EXAMINE CARBON ASSIMILATION IN STREAM BIOFILMS DNA stable isotope probing (DNA-SIP) identifies microbial populations that assimilate a substrate of interest by tracking the movement of an isotopic label from a substrate into DNA. Although the technique has not been widely used in streams, DNA-SIP can be used to identify populations in stream biofilms that use different sources of carbon. We performed a DNA-SIP experiment to identify populations that assimilate mannitol and algal carbon. Stream biofilms grown on glass discs were incubated in a growth chamber in river water amended with 13C-mannitol or 13C-bicarbonate for 3 and 10 days. Biofilm DNA was extracted and separated by density using ultracentrifugation. To identify populations that assimilated our two carbon sources, we collected the heavier, isotopically-labeled DNA and sequenced the 16S rRNA gene. Sequences were analyzed using MOTHUR, operational taxonomic units identified using Megablast, and phylogenetic identities aligned against the Greengenes database. In addition to carbon assimilation, future studies can use DNA-SIP to identify populations contributing to nitrogen cycling and other stream biogeochemical processes, enhancing understanding of the link between microbial identity and ecosystem function.

Elizabeth Ogata (Primary Presenter/Author), Utah State University, bethogata@gmail.com;


Sandra Udy ( Co-Presenter/Co-Author), Utah State University, s.k.y@aggiemail.usu.edu;


Michelle Baker ( Co-Presenter/Co-Author), Utah State University, michelle.baker@usu.edu;


Zachary Aanderud ( Co-Presenter/Co-Author), Brigham Young University, zachary_aanderud@byu.edu;

6/7/2017  |   13:30 - 16:00   |  Ballroom C

ENUMERATION AND GENE IDENTIFICATION OF EXTENDED-SPECTRUM-BETA-LACTAMASE-PRODUCING ENTEROBACTERIACEAE FROM IMPACTED URBAN STREAMS IN HALL COUNTY, GEORGIA, USA. Extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBLs) are a group of enzymes shown to rapidly evolve and confer resistance to a number of antibiotics, including beta lactams. Organisms that produce ESBLs pose both threats and challenges in the administration of appropriate agents to treat infections. ESBLs exhibit antibiotic resistance by destructing the antibiotics’ structure and are typically found encoded on bacterial plasmids that can easily be transferred between bacteria from the family Enterobacteriaceae. Water environments such as streams can help the spread of antibiotic-resistant bacteria which can originate from a variety of sources, including wastewater treatment plants, agricultural sources, and residential septic tank systems. An ongoing study is currently looking into the isolation and identification of ESBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae from three streams: one in a heavily industrialized area close to a water treatment facility, one with some urban impact and one with very little urban impact. We compared enumeration and bacterial composition of water and biofilm among these streams of different quality. Water and biofilm samples were obtained and ESBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae were isolated, including ESBL-producing Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Enterobacter cloaceae, and Shigella app.

Monica Leavell (Primary Presenter/Author), University of North Georgia, meleav3383@ung.edu;

6/7/2017  |   13:30 - 16:00   |  Ballroom C

SALINIZATION IMPACTS ON HISTORICALLY FRESHWATER AQUATIC COMMUNITIES The amount of carbon stored and released from freshwater wetland sediments play an important role in greenhouse gas exchange, and climate change can substantially impact wetland ecosystem structure and function. In recent years, historically freshwater wetlands have been exposed to saline conditions as a result of saltwater influx due to sea level rise. To determine how salinity influences microbial community composition, diversity, and carbon cycling functions, we used a mesocosm experiment to examine freshwater microbial response to the influx of saltwater aquatic communities and increased salinization. Previous research, using a mesocosm approach, concluded that salinity reduced zooplankton diversity structure and decreased decomposition. Further, salinity and dispersal of saline aquatic communities influenced bacterioplankton community structure, examined using barcoded amplicon sequencing of the total bacterial community. Species interactions between bacterial and zooplankton taxa were dependent on salinity, and the influence of saline aquatic communities. Our study provides the opportunity to experimentally test how historically freshwater aquatic communities will respond to salinization associated with sea level rise.

Alexandra Stucy (Primary Presenter/Author, Co-Presenter/Co-Author), East Carolina University, stucya16@students.ecu.edu;


Michael McCoy ( Co-Presenter/Co-Author), East Carolina University, mccoym@ecu.edu;


Ariane Peralta ( Co-Presenter/Co-Author), East Carolina University, peraltaa@ecu.edu;

6/7/2017  |   13:30 - 16:00   |  Ballroom C

BOTTOM-UP IMPACT OF FRESHWATER MUSSEL DIVERSITY ON BENTHIC ALGAL COMMUNITIES Mussels and algae have tightly coupled interactions within freshwater ecosystems. Mussel excretion acts as a bottom-up nutrient source for algal communities. Our study examines the impacts of mussel excretion on algal community biomass and composition. We used mesocosms (n=24) to assess algal growth across varying community structure. Four treatments were used: two mussel species (Fusconaia cerina, Quadrula asperata) alone and in combination, and a control. Each treatment was replicated six times. Weekly collection of algal accrual on silicon discs tracked biomass growth over the course of the experiment. Identical samples were simultaneously collected and preserved for community composition analysis. Chlorophyll-a concentration indicates significant differences in algal biomass between the control and two-species treatments as well between Fusconaia treatments and the control. The results show mussel diversity increases algal biomass and that individual mussel species have varying degrees of influence on the algal community, likely caused by differing excretion rates and stoichiometry. These data support the assertion that species richness has positive effects on functional roles within habitats, along with providing insight on bottom-up control in freshwater habitats.

Lauren Shouse (Primary Presenter/Author), The University of Alabama, lnshouse@crimson.ua.edu;


Paige Green ( Co-Presenter/Co-Author), University of Alabama , paigegreen1014@gmail.com;

6/7/2017  |   13:30 - 16:00   |  Ballroom C

COMPARING SAMPLING METHODS FOR FRESHWATER MUSSELS IN CENTRAL TEXAS There are 15 state-threatened freshwater mussels in Texas, 6 of which are candidates of federal listing as endangered. Effective survey guidelines are vital in facilitating the collection of distribution data for mussels. The objectives of this study were (1) to evaluate the relative effort and effectiveness of three different survey methods (timed searches, transect, and adaptive cluster method), and (2) to examine how the effectiveness varies between 6 sites with different habitat features in rivers of Central Texas. Preliminary results showed that differences between survey methods can vary considerably between sites. For example, at a bedrock dominated site in the Llano River, the density detected with the adaptive cluster method was considerable larger (0.40.2 ind/m2) compared to the transect method (0.020.02 ind/m2). In contrast, at a gravel dominated site in the San Saba River, the density found with both the adaptive cluster and transect methods were rather similar (3.30.2 ind/m2 and 2.90.4 ind/m2 respectively). In accordance with previous findings by other studies, the highest species richness and number of mussels was consistently found with timed searches.

Brittney Sanchez (Primary Presenter/Author), Texas State University, bs1468@txstate.edu;


Astrid Schwalb ( Co-Presenter/Co-Author), Texas State University, schwalb@txstate.edu;

6/7/2017  |   13:30 - 16:00   |  Ballroom C

LATITUDINAL VARIATION IN AMBLEMA PLICATA SIZE AND GROWTH CHARACTERISTICS IN NORTH AMERICA Freshwater mussels are imperiled invertebrates native to North American streams that play an important role in ecosystem function. Size and growth are important characteristics for managing these organisms, plus these characteristics are related to their functional role in the stream. Mussel shell growth is the result of the organism’s metabolism, which directs its role in nutrient cycling. Amblema plicata is a widely-distributed habitat generalist that exhibits considerable variation in its growth characteristics. We are evaluating the variability of A. plicata size and growth rate across a latitudinal gradient spanning Texas to Minnesota. By thin-sectioning recently dead shells, we can use growth annuli to measure growth rates and compare these characteristics to abiotic variables related to mussel growth. We are evaluating how water temperature, river velocity, and land-use influence these growth characteristics. This study informs conservation efforts by describing the variability of growth characteristics between rivers in North America and evaluating possible mechanisms of this variability. It also has implications for the role these organisms play as nutrient capacitors within the larger ecosystem.

Traci DuBose (Primary Presenter/Author), University of Oklahoma, tracipopejoy@ou.edu;


Caryn C. Vaughn ( Co-Presenter/Co-Author), University of Oklahoma, cvaughn@ou.edu;

6/7/2017  |   13:30 - 16:00   |  Ballroom C

QUANTIFICATION OF MOVEMENT BEHAVIORAL TRAITS OF FRESHWATER MUSSELS ACROSS VARYING COMMUNITY STRUCTURE: A MESOCOSM STUDY Burrowing behavior of freshwater mussels is essential to their survival as benthic infauna in lotic systems. Few studies have aimed to quantify the influence of community structure on movement and burrowing behavior of freshwater mussels, and no studies to date have observed diel movement in freshwater mussels. Our study utilized a factorial design in mesocosms to quantify diel horizontal movement, vertical burrowing, and bioturbation across varying community structure. We used two species (Fusconaia cerina, Quadrula asperata) alone and in combination, crossed with two density treatments (15 indiv m^-2, 30 indiv m^-2), and replicated four times (6 treatments x 4 replicates = 24 mesocosms). Movement and burrowing was tracked every 12 hours over an 11-day period. A total of four 11-day trials were ran. In the future, we aim to expand these results to assess the influence of mussel movement traits on sediment biogeochemistry. Bioturbation has the potential to influence sediment biogeochemistry through the mixing of sediments. An understanding of mussel movement will inform future empirical studies on the influence of mussel traits, including bioturbation, on sediment biogeochemistry.

Zachary L. Nickerson (Primary Presenter/Author), University of Alabama, znickerson8@gmail.com;


Carla L. Atkinson ( Co-Presenter/Co-Author), University of Alabama, carlalatkinson@gmail.com;

6/7/2017  |   13:30 - 16:00   |  Ballroom C

THE RESPONSE OF FRESHWATER MUSSELS TO BEDLOAD TRANSPORT: EXPERIMENTAL STREAM STUDIES Habitat modification is believed to be one of the major causes of freshwater mussel decline. Mussel abundance and distribution is inherently linked with their habitat through sediment transport processes in moving waters (i.e. suspended sediment or bed stability). We examined bedload transport impacts on mussels through a series of four experiments at the University of Minnesota Outdoor StreamLab. The experiments included: 1. Comparing mussel movement between 3 species of mussel under quasi-equilibrium bedload conditions. 2. Comparing impact of mussel density on substrate stability 3. Comparing bed topography impact on mussel movement, and 4. Comparing burrowing under aggrading and degrading bedloads. We found that all species moved little under flooding conditions, but relocate to deeper water after a flood. At modest levels of mussel density there was little impact of mussels on substrate stability. When bottom topography is flat mussel movement is non-directional. With sloped bottoms, mussels move to deeper locations. Mussels exposed to an aggrading flood emerge from the sediment within one day. Those exposed to a degrading flood burrow into the bottom especially if the sediment is fine.

Dan Hornbach (Primary Presenter/Author), Macalester College, hornbach@macalester.edu;


Mark Hove ( Co-Presenter/Co-Author), University of Minnesota, mark_hove@umn.edu;


Kelly MacGregor ( Co-Presenter/Co-Author), Macalester College, macgregor@macalester.edu;


Jessica Kozarek ( Co-Presenter/Co-Author), St. Anthony Falls Laboratory, University of Minnesota, jkozarek@umn.edu;

6/7/2017  |   13:30 - 16:00   |  Ballroom C

EN VOGUE: EX-SITU CALIBRATION OF NEXT GENERATION CAMERA TECHNOLOGY TO ASSESS AQUATIC FOOD-WEB STRUCTURE FOR JUVENILE SALMONIDS Conventional methods of measuring insect drift can become difficult with increasing water velocity due to the accumulation of organic material within nets of a certain mesh size. The processing of multiple net samples can prove to be time consuming and expensive. Together these constraints significantly limit the capacity to sample food-web structure at the necessary temporal and spatial scales within critical habitat for certain size classes of juvenile salmonid. The Scripps Plankton Camera (SPC) employs a 0.137X magnification lens, onboard Odroid – XU4 and LINUX operating system which evaluates particles down to 1mm in length and measure the major axis of the particles within the frame of view of the camera. We utilized an experimental flow-through chamber attached to a variable speed water pump then manipulated frame rate, exposure time, and processing area range to increase resolution of sample particles. We also instituted a PYTHON Image Learning Package to differentiate between insect, detritus, and turbulent bubbles with 85% efficiency. Preliminary results indicate that the development and fine tuning of high resolution photographic technology could prove to be a valuable alternative when sampling insect dispersal in various capacities of lotic environments.

Nicholas Macias (Primary Presenter/Author), University of California, Santa Cruz, niamacia@ucsc.edu;

6/7/2017  |   13:30 - 16:00   |  Ballroom C

MACROINVERBRATE FOOD WEBS OF A METAL-CONTAMINATED RIVER: IMPORTANCE OF ALGAL BLOOMS River food webs associated with algal blooms have illustrated that number of trophic levels predicts the relative importance of bottom-up and top-down influences. Significantly lower trout abundance in Reach C of the metal-contaminated Upper Clark Fork River (UCFR, 20-30 fish/km), compared to upstream reaches (200-300 fish/km) and nearby rivers (600 – 3,000 fish/km) in Montana, USA, are of concern to restoration practitioners. Metal contamination in UCFR reflect its mining history, but Reach C, without significant metal pollution but with greatest algal growth, displays lowest trout abundance. Low abundance of top predators is concordant with HSS-Fretwell prediction that an odd number of trophic levels will result in nutrient-limited algal productivity. Nitrogen limiting conditions are repeatedly observed in UCFR (<0.005 ppm N-NO3), as well as N-fixing cyanobacteria. Assessment of food webs is necessary before considering other restoration practices to recover trout abundance. Macroinvertebrate data (greatest abundances of 14.4% Chironomidae, 29.3 % Baetis, 8.74% inermis), metal analysis (Cu, As, Zn, Pb, Cd), and stable isotope composition (13C, 15N) were used in a Bayesian mixing model to discern the trophic structure in Reach C and linked to trout consumers through fish stomach content analysis.

Kim Bray (Primary Presenter/Author), University of Montana, kimberly.bray@umontana.edu;

6/7/2017  |   13:30 - 16:00   |  Ballroom C

SPATIO-TEMPORAL VARIATION OF BENTHIC METABOLISM IN A LARGE REGULATED RIVER Benthic metabolism was measured in a large regulated river with the goal of describing spatial differences in benthic metabolism associated with substrate (cobble vs sand), habitat type (main channel vs backwater) and flow regulation (regulated vs unregulated) during the summer months. Metabolism was estimated using benthic chambers deployed over one-week periods in two reaches of the Saint John River in New Brunswick, Canada. A two-way ANOVA comparing substrate type and month found both GPP and ER differed among months, with the greatest rates occurring in August. However, only ER differed significantly between substrate types, with cobble substrate exhibiting greater rates. ER also differed between habitat types with greater rates in the backwater channel. GPP only differed between habitat types among months, peaking in July. Assessment of flow regulation showed differences between sites and among months, with GPP greater in the regulated reach and rates highest in June (unregulated) and July (regulated). ER only differed between regulated and unregulated sites in July, with higher rates at the regulated site. This study demonstrates that there are strong spatial and temporal trends for benthic metabolism in a large river.

Craig Irwin (Primary Presenter/Author), Western University, Department of Geography, London, Ontario, Canada, N6A 5C2, cirwin24@uwo.ca;


Joseph M. Culp ( Co-Presenter/Co-Author), Environment and Climate Change Canada and Canadian Rivers Institute, Department of Biology, Wilfrid Laurier University, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada, N2L 3C5, joseph.culp@canada.ca;


Adam G. Yates ( Co-Presenter/Co-Author), Western University & Canadian Rivers Institute, adam.yates@uwo.ca;

6/7/2017  |   13:30 - 16:00   |  Ballroom C

AQUATIC MACROINVERTEBRATE ASSEMBLAGES, BIODIVERSITY METRICS, AND TOLERANCE VALUES: MONITORING AGRICULTURALLY IMPACTED PONDS, A TEN YEAR STUDY A ten-year study was conducted at the Milan Army Ammunition Plant in West Tennessee using aquatic macroinvertebrates to measure differences in community structure between agriculturally impacted (accessible by cattle) and control ponds (not accessible by cattle). Four funnel traps were deployed annually in the littoral area of ten ponds (five impacted, five control) for two consecutive 48-hour periods from 2006-2015. Community assemblages were compared between pond types using several biodiversity metrics (taxa richness, Shannon diversity index, and Pielou index). We extrapolated the North Carolina Biotic Index (NCBI) of tolerance values developed for predominantly lotic taxa to the collected pond taxa. The impacted cattle ponds had a significantly higher (p=0.0023) Shannon diversity index than the control ponds. Comparing this to the NCBI, we find that cattle ponds also have higher biotic indices. The NCBI score between cattle and control ponds is approaching significance (p=0.0807). This suggests that impacted ponds have a diverse community of more tolerant taxa. Development of a biotic index using tolerance values specific for lentic macroinvertebrates may strengthen the evidence of water quality differences between the pond types.

Lauren K. Schnorr (Primary Presenter/Author), Austin Peay State University, lschnorr@my.apsu.edu;


Steven W. Hamilton ( Co-Presenter/Co-Author), Austin Peay State University, hamiltonsw@apsu.edu;

6/7/2017  |   13:30 - 16:00   |  Ballroom C

COMPARISONS OF WINTER UNDER-ICE VS. SUMMER ICE-FREE ECOLOGICAL CONDITIONS OF FIVE SUBALPINE LAKES IN THE KLAMATH MOUNTAINS, CA USA Recent studies suggest a need for investigating winter, under-ice processes and their contribution to ecological dynamics in lake ecosystems. This subject is especially relevant considering how climate variability is affecting the period of ice cover on lakes. We explore the winter (under-ice) vs. summer (ice-free, stratified) ecological attributes of five subalpine lakes (z= 3 to 35 m, area= 0.5 to 20.1 ha) in the upper Klamath mountain range of Northern California. We compare primary productivity rate (using 14C method) and zooplankton and phytoplankton compositions of the winter and summer period of these lakes. Primary productivity was twenty times higher in summer compared to winter. Phytoplankton compositions varied across lakes with Chlorophyceae, Euglenophyceae, and Bacillariophyceae dominating in summer and Bacillariophyceae dominating in winter. Zooplankton composition also varied across all lakes with Daphnia, Diaptomus, and Diaphanosoma spp. dominating in summer and Diaptomus spp. dominating in winter.

Karly Feher (Primary Presenter/Author), University of Nevada Reno, kfeher@nevada.unr.edu;


Robert C. Richards ( Co-Presenter/Co-Author), UC Davis , bobrichards.richards@gmail.com ;


Charles R Goldman ( Co-Presenter/Co-Author), UC Davis , goldmantahoe@yahoo.com ;


Timothy Caldwell ( Co-Presenter/Co-Author), McBain Associates, Tim@mcbainassociates.com;


Sudeep Chandra ( Co-Presenter/Co-Author), Global Water Center and Biology Department, University of Nevada, Reno, sudeep@unr.edu;

6/7/2017  |   13:30 - 16:00   |  Ballroom C

ABUNDANCE AND ACCUMULATION OF ANTHROPOGENIC LITTER ON GREAT LAKES BEACHES Anthropogenic litter (i.e., trash; AL) is well documented in oceans, but studies on AL’s spatial and temporal dynamics in freshwaters are rare. This project had two components. First, we used citizen-science data to quantify AL density and seasonality on 9 beaches throughout the Great Lakes that varied by substrate type. AL data was generated by the Alliance for the Great Lake’s Adopt-a-Beach program. We categorized AL by function (i.e., smoking, fishing) and density (No. per area), and compared among seasons, beaches, and to common beach descriptors. AL density was highest on urban, sandy, unmaintained beaches in fall, suggesting visitor littering as a primary source. The second project focused on 1 beach Lake Michigan beach. We used 4 permanent transects, spaced from the water’s edge inland, where each transect had 4 habitats (e.g., vegetation, path). Biweekly AL collection was used to quantify spatial and temporal variation in AL, and annual net input. Results also suggested that beach visitors are a primary AL source and that AL accumulates with natural debris. Overall, these data will inform new AL prevention and management policies.

Anna Vincent (Primary Presenter/Author), University of Notre Dame, avincen5@nd.edu;


Timothy Hoellein ( Co-Presenter/Co-Author), Loyola University Chicago, thoellein@luc.edu;
Dr. Hoellein is a freshwater ecologist at Loyola University Chicago. His research interests are focused on ecosystem processes and biogeochemistry. His research lab explores these areas in associate with the movement and biological transformation of elements, energy, and pollution in aquatic ecosystems.

6/7/2017  |   13:30 - 16:00   |  Ballroom C

CAPTURE EFFICIENCY, POPULATION DYNAMICS, AND HABITAT USE OF MUDPUPPIES (NECTURUS MACULOSUS) IN A DISTURBED URBAN LAKE Common mudpuppy salamanders (Necturus maculosus) are broadly distributed across east-central North America, yet their seasonal behavior, population dynamics, and general physiology are poorly studied. Capture efficiency data are also lacking. Mudpuppies were once abundant throughout the Great Lakes region but were listed as threatened in the state of Illinois in 2010, possibly due to habitat loss, introduced species, overexploitation, or inadequate sampling efforts. We developed a novel trapping technique for use in open water habitats. We used this approach to study a population in a highly disturbed urban environment at Wolf Lake, Chicago. Mudpuppies captured in minnow traps were larger (mean= 24.4 +/- 1.3 cm) than those caught in hand nets (mean= 15.2 +/- 0.74 cm). Larger mudpuppies were also found farther from shore (p=0.0039) and at greater depths (p<0.0001). This is indicative of capture or habitat use biases among size classes. Our results are part of an ongoing study that began in 2015. Continuation of this research will aid in conservation efforts and management of this understudied and vulnerable species throughout the Great Lakes region.

Jared Bilak (Primary Presenter/Author), Southern Illinois University, Shedd Aquarium, bilak@siu.edu;


Matt Whiles ( Co-Presenter/Co-Author), University of Florida, mwhiles@ufl.edu;


Robin Warne ( Co-Presenter/Co-Author), Southern Illinois University, rwarne@siu.edu;


Philip Willink ( Co-Presenter/Co-Author), Shedd Aquarium , pwillink@sheddaquarium.org;


Alicia Beattie ( Co-Presenter/Co-Author), Chagrin River Watershed Partners, Inc., abeattie@crwp.org;

6/7/2017  |   13:30 - 16:00   |  Ballroom C

DIVERSITY OF ODONATA WITHIN A MAJOR TROPICAL URBAN REGION IN THE SAN JUAN METROPOLITAN AREA, PUERTO RICO Urbanization is one of the most dramatic types of alteration to natural environments. However, within urban areas, species can adapt and be successful at inhabiting urban ecosystems. We focus on the San Juan Metropolitan Area; Puerto Rico and assessed Odonata diversity. The goal of our study was to understand how the diversity of odonates varies within the urban area and whether it differs among streams according to the level of urbanization that surrounds their ecosystems. We selected 30 urban streams and classified them according to their level of urbanization. Habitat quality was assessed using the stream visual assessment protocol as modified for Puerto Rico. Odonata were surveyed by visual identification, listing the species observed in one hour, and estimating their relative abundance. Most study sites had regular habitat conditions. Species richness ranged from 10 to 3 species per site. The most heavily urbanized sites had poor habitat conditions and the lowest species richness. Our study shows that the diversity of odonates reflects the degree of impact introduced by urbanization, even when studying populations that are adapted to urban environments.

Angelique Rosa-Marin (Primary Presenter/Author), University of Puerto Rico at Bayamon, angelique.rosa@upr.edu;

6/7/2017  |   13:30 - 16:00   |  Ballroom C

Does urbanization influences wing symmetry and size of Enallagma coecum (Odonata: Coenagrionidae) in Puerto Rico? Urbanization alters stream conditions, creating stress environment for aquatic fauna. Here, we studied how urbanization affects Enallagma coecum, an abundant damselfly in Puerto Rico. We focused on how different levels of urbanization influence the symmetry of male E. coecum and its body size. Nine streams draining the Rio Piedras watershed were selected along a gradient of impermeable surfaces. Twelve to 15 adult males were collected at each stream for a total of 126 specimens. Individuals were preserved and photographed (full body and each wing) for subsequent analysis with the ImageJ program. Chi-square tests were used to evaluate significant differences in wing symmetry variables (interior cells, postnodal fourth row cells and postnodal to stigma veins quantity) between sampling sites. Pearson's correlation tests were made to relate wing symmetry variables and body size with percent impermeable surface area in the watershed. We found a significant correlation (R=-0.70; p<0.05) between interior wing cell symmetry and the amount of impermeable area. Our study indicates that urbanization creates stress conditions that are reflected in individual symmetry. Overall, symmetry appears to be a good indicator of urban impacts on aquatic insect populations.

Limarie Reyes ( Co-Presenter/Co-Author), University of Puerto Rico Rio Piedras, limarie.reyes1@upr.edu;


Alonso Ramírez ( Co-Presenter/Co-Author), North Carolina State University, alonso.ramirez@ncsu.edu;


Yazminne Meléndez (Primary Presenter/Author), University of Puerto Rico, yazminne.melendez@upr.edu;

6/7/2017  |   13:30 - 16:00   |  Ballroom C

HAS THE ‘URBAN STREAM SYNDROME’ BECOME A SELF-FULFILLING PROPHECY? It is well documented that urbanization contributes a suite of physical, chemical, and thermal stressors to receiving waterbodies. We examined 67 chemical, physical and biological attributes of streams draining 49 randomly-selected watersheds in the metropolitan area surrounding Raleigh. Watersheds ranged in development impacts, with 0 to 99.7 % of their area in impervious surfaces. In contrast to prior studies, we found no consistent changes in habitat structure, channel dimensions or bed sediment size distributions along the urbanization gradient. We found that watershed urbanization did lead to large and consistent changes in receiving stream chemistry (with increases in NO3, bioavailable and algal-derived DOC and the trace metals Pb, Cd and Zn) and thermal regimes. These chemical and thermal changes were associated with declines in macroinvertebrate taxa richness and altered macroinvertebrate community composition, but were not associated with any consistent shifts in microbial community structure or taxa richness or with shifts in microbially-mediated biogeochemical processes (C mineralization, denitrification potential, substrate-induced respiration). Random reach selection in our region does not support the classic urban stream syndrome paradigm.

Brooke Hassett (Primary Presenter/Author), Duke University, brooke.hassett@duke.edu;


Emily Bernhardt ( Co-Presenter/Co-Author), Duke University, ebernhar@duke.edu;

6/7/2017  |   13:30 - 16:00   |  Ballroom C

MICROPLASTIC ABUNDANCE IN SMALL MAN-MADE PONDS Microplastics are small particles of plastic (< 5 mm) that have been shown to have negative impacts on aquatic ecosystems. The source and extent of microplastic accumulation in freshwater systems has not been completely described by current studies. Urban areas are a potentially significant source of plastic pollution because they concentrate human activity, which has been related to the type and amount of microplastics found in aquatic systems. We measure the amount of microplastic pollution in samples collected from small man-made ponds in central Virginia with contrasting hydrology to assess the degree that connections to surface water are a source of microplastic inputs. Our results Samples of microplastics from at least 3 ponds along a gradient of storm water input will be tested. At one extreme will be samples from a ground-water-fed pond that receives essentially no urban run-off, and at the other extreme samples from a storm water management pond with extensive urban run-off will be collected. The amounts of microplastics from the ponds will be compared and related to how much surface water run-off it receives.

Hannah Hatke (Primary Presenter/Author), Longwood University, hannah.hatke@live.longwood.edu;


Jonathan Milisci ( Co-Presenter/Co-Author), Longwood University, jonathan.milisci@live.longwood.edu;

6/7/2017  |   13:30 - 16:00   |  Ballroom C

TESTING THE EFFICACY OF PATTERNS IN CONDUCTIVITY AS A TOOL FOR WATERSHED MANAGEMENT Increased conductivity of streams is a common symptom of watershed urbanization and is often highly correlated with degraded water quality and impaired biotic assemblages. Stormwater runoff, sewage effluent, and sediment inputs have all been cited as sources of ions that drive conductivity. However, it is often difficult to identify these sources of pollution and distinguish them from one another. In order to better understand the spatial and temporal patterns of conductivity we continuously monitored specific conductance (SpC), stage height, and temperature from October 2016 – April 2017 in seven streams in Athens, GA, USA. Baseflow SpC was consistent in time but variable among streams, suggesting chronic sources of ions in some urban streams. In addition, our study revealed distinct patterns of high conductivity that may be diagnostic of specific stressors and events, such as evidence of “first flush” phenomena, sewer leaks and sedimentation events. Thus, the continuous monitoring of conductivity may be an effective management tool for identifying specific pollution events. Ongoing work will test the efficacy of conductivity monitoring as a tool for watershed management.

Seth Wenger ( Co-Presenter/Co-Author), University of Georgia, sethwenger@fastmail.fm;


Amy Rosemond ( Co-Presenter/Co-Author), University of Georgia, rosemond@uga.edu;


Phillip Bumpers ( Co-Presenter/Co-Author), University of Georgia, bumpersp@gmail.com;


Emily Johnson (POC,Primary Presenter), University of Georgia, emj49548@uga.edu;

6/7/2017  |   13:30 - 16:00   |  Ballroom C

THE IMPACT OF ENVIRONMENTAL PARAMETERS ON MACROINVERTEBRATES IN AN URBAN FORESTED WATERSHED Headwater streams are important because they have increased biological activity, are connected to the watershed via riparian zones, and represent most of streams within the watershed. These ecological services might be critical in urban watersheds where streams have altered hydrology, increased nutrient concentrations, and decreased biodiversity. Reedy Creek is 31.1 square kilometers watershed in Charlotte, NC whose headwaters (6.5 square kilometers) are protected in a forested urban county reserve. We have been monitoring macroinvertebrates and background water quality (dissolved oxygen, temperature, nutrients) at 10 headwater locations in different subwatersheds seasonally for 5 years as part of a pre-restoration study. EPT richness ranged from 4-19 species depending on location and season and overall the NCBI scores rated these streams as good-fair to excellent. Subwatersheds with forested land use had higher diversity than those with urban development upstream. As an urban headwater stream Reedy Creek is a critical component of the watershed that has higher diversity than other urban streams in the region. Understanding the role of these forested urban headwaters may be essential to maintaining and improving urban stream biodiversity.

Rebecca Black (Primary Presenter/Author), UNC Charlotte , rblack27@uncc.edu;


Sandra Clinton, PhD ( Co-Presenter/Co-Author), University of North Carolina at Charlotte, sandra.clinton@charlotte.edu;
This session is being submitted on behalf of the SFS Science and Policy Committee.

David Vinson, PhD ( Co-Presenter/Co-Author), University of North Carolina at Charlotte, dsvinson@uncc.edu;


Sara McMillan ( Co-Presenter/Co-Author), Iowa State University, swmcmill@iastate.edu;

6/7/2017  |   13:30 - 16:00   |  Ballroom C

URBAN PONDS: AN IMPORTANT SOURCE OF AQUATIC BIODIVERSITY AND CONSERVATION IN DENTON, TEXAS The City of Denton, located in a semi-arid region of Texas, has over 200 manmade ponds within its city limits. Many of these ponds, located in densely populated areas, are engineered to control storm water runoff. There is a general lack of recognition of the value these waters contribute to regional biodiversity and as greenspaces. This study, conducted in Denton, is monitoring habitat variables and macroinvertebrate diversity in a series of ponds selected to represent a gradient of urban influences. The objective of this study is to identify the variables associated with the highest diversity. The study has determined that all the storm water ponds have high levels of diversity. The highest diversity and those with unique taxa were found in ponds with managed aquatic macrophytes and riparian vegetation. Results of this study are being used to develop a conservation plan for the city. The ponds are a benefit to the ecology of the city and provide beautiful, green spaces. If managed correctly, these systems can be incorporated into sustainable development in the future of the City of Denton.

Sabrina Moore (Primary Presenter/Author), University of North Texas, sabrinamoore2@my.unt.edu;

6/7/2017  |   13:30 - 16:00   |  Ballroom C

USING AN URBAN REFERENCE TO DEFINE AQUATIC HABITAT EXPECTATIONS IN STORMWATER-AFFECTED STREAMS OF THE KANSAS CITY METRO AREA IN MISSOURI Urban waterways have been subject to modification and often do not meet aquatic life standards. We studied macroinvertebrate indicators across habitat-quality gradients in 10 watersheds within a stormwater management region of the Kansas City metropolitan area. Line Creek, an urban site with an unmodified riparian corridor that has consistently met aquatic life standards, was used to develop expectations for in-stream habitat characteristics. Overall habitat scores were significantly correlated with macroinvertebrate scores (r = 0.54, p = 0.04). Compared to other urban sites with similar land use and stormwater inputs, Line Creek obtained 20-30% higher habitat scores, with greatest differences observed in riparian characteristics and riffle substrate parameters. Line Creek was within 7-12% of reference and non-urban control sites for most macroinvertebrate indicators and had significantly better total species richness (p = 0.001-0.04), EPT (Ephemeroptera-Plecoptera-Trichoptera) richness (p = 0.001-0.007), and non-chironomid Diptera abundance (p = 0.011-0.026). Results indicate that regional urban streams have the capability to meet aquatic life expectations when riparian habitat corridors remain intact and the integrity of riffle substrates is maintained.

Barry Poulton (Primary Presenter/Author), U.S. Geological Survey, bpoulton@usgs.gov;


Jing Tao ( Co-Presenter/Co-Author), Kansas City Water Services Dept., Jing.Tao@kcmo.org;

6/7/2017  |   13:30 - 16:00   |  Ballroom C

CHARACTERIZING VARIABILITY AND DRIVERS OF WETLAND STRUCTURE AT THE GREAT DISMAL SWAMP Peatlands are unique wetland ecosystems, which provide valuable ecosystem services such as carbon sequestration, water storage, and biodiversity preservation. The Great Dismal Swamp (GDS) is the largest intact remnant of a greater forested peatland system that once spanned from the Chesapeake Bay to the Albemarle Sound; however, extensive logging and ditching shifted hydrologic regimes and vegetative composition across GDS. Once a mosaic of different community types, these disturbances resulted in more homogeneous vegetative composition, a dominance of red maple, and increased peat subsidence. In this work, we seek to characterize contemporary vegetative composition and peat soil properties and depths across GDS using data collected from 80 distributed survey plots. Further, we explore hydrologic controls on wetland structure by relating vegetation data to soil hydrologic indicators (e.g., bulk density, carbon/nitrogen ratios). Initial results identify major community types present but also highlight the dominance of certain species, which span inferred hydrologic regimes. Our results will inform adaptive hydrologic restoration efforts currently underway at GDS to maximize habitat diversity and carbon storage.

Raymond Ludwig (Primary Presenter/Author), Virginia Tech, rfludwig@vt.edu;


Daniel McLaughlin ( Co-Presenter/Co-Author), Virginia Tech, mclaugd@vt.edu;

6/7/2017  |   13:30 - 16:00   |  Ballroom C

DRYING RATES OF EPHEMERAL WETLANDS: IMPLICATIONS FOR BREEDING AMPHIBIANS Ephemeral wetlands provide breeding habitat for many amphibian species, and wetland hydrology plays a crucial role in determining amphibian breeding success. We empirically evaluated recession rates (water level declines) in wetlands inhabited by the endangered Reticulated Flatwoods Salamander (Ambystoma bishopi). High recession rates are potentially problematic for flatwoods salamanders because of a long development time, including metamorphosis usually occurring from March¬–May when groundwater losses are combined with high evapotranspiration rates. To evaluate magnitude, variability, and drivers of recession rates, we monitored water levels in 33 wetlands in the Florida panhandle from 2012–2015 and examined recession rates during the flatwoods salamander reproductive period. After controlling for the effects of specific yield, standardized recession rates were, on average, 3.9 times daily potential evapotranspiration rates, suggesting that groundwater fluxes are an important driver of water level declines in these wetlands. Standardized recession rates were variable across the landscape and increased with decreasing wetland size, indicating that larger wetlands are often hydrologically more suitable for flatwoods salamanders. This work points to these and other controls on wetland recession rates and their role in regulating amphibian reproductive success.

Houston Chandler (Primary Presenter/Author), The ORIANNE SOCIETY, hchandler@oriannesociety.org;


Daniel McLaughlin ( Co-Presenter/Co-Author), Virginia Tech, mclaugd@vt.edu;


Thomas Gorman ( Co-Presenter/Co-Author), Virginia Tech, gormant@vt.edu;


Kevin McGuire ( Co-Presenter/Co-Author), Virginia Tech, kevin.mcguire@vt.edu;


Jeffrey Feaga ( Co-Presenter/Co-Author), Virginia Tech, feaga05@vt.edu;


Carola Haas ( Co-Presenter/Co-Author), Virginia Tech, cahaas@vt.edu;

6/7/2017  |   13:30 - 16:00   |  Ballroom C

EXAMINING THE LEGACY EFFECTS OF CAPTIVE-REARING ON BLANDING’S TURTLES (EMYDOIDEA BLANDINGII) The Blanding's Turtle (Emydoidea blandingii) is listed as Endangered on the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species and is offered protection throughout much of its known range. Significant head-starting efforts have been conducted to recover populations of E. blandingii in northeastern Illinois, with over 2,500 turtles released across an 19-year period. However, the success of these programs both locally and range-wide has not been fully quantified. Our research project gauged the success of an augmentation program in northern Illinois (Blanding's Turtle Recovery Project) by assessing the legacy effects (e.g., long-term physiological health) of captive-reared, recently-released and captive-reared, formerly-released (i.e., captive reared and released prior to 2016) turtles at one wetland location. Our results indicate blood chemistry metrics and stress quickly stabalize following release of captive-reared hatchlings, and first-year survival was over 90% for released animals. Examining these efforts will provide a measure of how released turtles are acclimating to their environment, will help to gain an understanding for the consequences of rearing effects, and will provide an assessment of the health of captive-reared and released turtles.

Armand Cann (Primary Presenter/Author), Loyola University Chicago, acann@luc.edu;


Leigh Anne Harden ( Co-Presenter/Co-Author), Benedictine University, lharden@ben.edu;


Joseph Milanovich ( Co-Presenter/Co-Author), Loyola University Chicago, jmilanovich@luc.edu;

6/7/2017  |   13:30 - 16:00   |  Ballroom C

GREAT LAKES COASTAL WETLAND MONITORING PROGRAM: NOVEL RESOURCES FOR SCIENTISTS, AGENCIES, AND THE PUBLIC Coastal wetlands are simultaneously among the most threatened and ecologically important habitats of the Laurentian Great Lakes. In 2010, the USEPA, via the Great Lakes Restoration Initiative, funded the Great Lakes Coastal Wetland Monitoring Program (CWMP) for an initial 5-year period. In 2016, the program was renewed through 2020 to better inform future wetland protection and restoration efforts. To date, over 1000 Great Lakes wetlands have been sampled for water quality, vegetation, invertebrates, fish, amphibians, and birds using standardized protocols. Additional wetlands designated for protection or restoration are also being sampled to evaluate the effectiveness of those efforts. The extensive data gathered by this monitoring program has allowed the condition of Great Lakes coastal wetlands to be evaluated using various metrics and IBIs based on a range of biota. As an example, the CWMP has already contributed to invasive species databases designed for early detection and distributional assessment. To ensure resources and data from this program are available to any interested party, a web-based wetland map exploration tool and data portal has been erected on the CWMP webpage ( http://www.greatlakeswetlands.org).

Gary Lamberti (Primary Presenter/Author), University of Notre Dame, glambert@nd.edu;


Michael Brueseke ( Co-Presenter/Co-Author), Department of Biological Sciences, University of Notre Dame, mbruesek@nd.edu;


Whitney Conard ( Co-Presenter/Co-Author), University of Notre Dame, whitneymconard@gmail.com;


Katherine O'Reilly ( Co-Presenter/Co-Author), Illinois-Indiana Sea Grant, keo@illinois.edu;


Valerie Brady ( Co-Presenter/Co-Author), Natural Resources Research Institute, University Minnesota Duluth, vbrady@d.umn.edu;


Jan Ciborowski ( Co-Presenter/Co-Author), Department of Biological Sciences, University of Windsor, cibor@uwindsor.ca;


Matthew Cooper ( Co-Presenter/Co-Author), Burke Center for Freshwater Innovation, Northland College, mcooper@northland.edu;


Nicholas Danz ( Co-Presenter/Co-Author), Department of Natural Sciences, University of Wisconsin Superior, ndanz@uwsuper.edu;


Joseph Gathman ( Co-Presenter/Co-Author), Biology Department, University of Wisconsin River Falls, joseph.gathman@uwrf.edu;


Greg Grabas ( Co-Presenter/Co-Author), Canadian Wildlife Service, Environment Canada, greg.grabas@ec.gc.ca;


Robert Howe ( Co-Presenter/Co-Author), Department of Natural and Applied Sciences, University of Wisconsin Green Bay, hower@uwgb.edu;


Lucinda Johnson ( Co-Presenter/Co-Author), Natural Resources Research Institute, University of Minnesota Duluth, ljohnson@d.umn.edu;


Ashley Moerke ( Co-Presenter/Co-Author), Center for Freshwater Research and Education, Lake Superior State University, amoerke@lssu.edu;


Gerald Niemi ( Co-Presenter/Co-Author), Natural Resources Research Institute, University Minnesota Duluth, gniemi@d.umn.edu;


Kevin O'Donnell ( Co-Presenter/Co-Author), U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Great Lakes National Program Office, odonnell.thomas@epa.gov;


Todd Redder ( Co-Presenter/Co-Author), Limnotech, tredder@limno.com;


Carl R. Ruetz III ( Co-Presenter/Co-Author), Annis Water Resources Institute, Grand Valley State University, ruetzc@gvsu.edu;


Douglas Tozer ( Co-Presenter/Co-Author), Bird Studies Canada, dtozer@bsc-eoc.org;


Donald Uzarski ( Co-Presenter/Co-Author), Institute for Great Lakes Research, Central Michigan University, uzars1dg@cmich.edu;


Douglas Wilcox ( Co-Presenter/Co-Author), Department of Environmental Science and Biology, The College at Brockport, dwilcox@brockport.edu;

6/7/2017  |   13:30 - 16:00   |  Ballroom C

PRE-RESTORATION MONITORING OF A HYDROLOGIC RECONNECTION PROJECT: FATE OF LEGACY PHOSPHORUS Muskegon Lake is a drowned river mouth lake designated as a Great Lakes Area of Concern (AOC) due to a history of industrial discharges, shoreline alterations, and wetland habitat loss. Property along the AOC’s main tributary, the lower Muskegon River, is under consideration for restoration and hydrologic reconnection to the river to improve fish and wildlife habitat. Past land uses of the restoration area include celery farming, oil and gas exploration, and sulfur deposition from a coal-fired power plant. This pre-restoration monitoring study examines possible phosphorus-related outcomes when reconnecting the property to the natural river. Sediment core isotherms indicated surface (0-10 cm) and subsurface (20-30 cm) depths have equilibrium phosphorus concentrations ranging 0.1-8.4 mg P/L; however, soluble reactive phosphorus in river water was only 0.007 mg P/L, suggesting sediments may act as short-term phosphorus sources to the water column following hydrologic reconnection. Analyses of phosphorus fractionation and river water sediment rewetting experiment are forthcoming. Results will inform a restoration design minimizing phosphorus sediment loading and avoiding negative impacts in downstream Muskegon Lake, which currently meets phosphorus goals for AOC delisting.

Michael Hassett (Primary Presenter/Author), Annis Water Resources Institute - Grand Valley State University, hassetmi@gvsu.edu;


Maggie Oudsema ( Co-Presenter/Co-Author), Grand Valley State University - Annis Water Resources Institute, oudsemam@gvsu.edu;


Nicole Hahn ( Co-Presenter/Co-Author), Grand Valley State University - Annis Water Resources Institute, hahnni@mail.gvsu.edu];


Alan Steinman ( Co-Presenter/Co-Author), Annis Water Resources Institute-Grand Valley State University, steinmaa@gvsu.edu;

6/7/2017  |   13:30 - 16:00   |  Ballroom C

SALINITY INDUCED NITROGEN AND PHOSPHORUS RELEASE IN NORTH CAROLINA COASTAL FORESTED WETLANDS Coastal wetlands act as an important biofilter between inland and marine habitats by sequestering nutrients. However, coastal wetlands are particularly vulnerable to increased salinization from sea level rise and saltwater intrusion. Increased salinization has been shown to lead to the release of stored nutrients due to salinity induced desorption of nitrogen and phosphorus. We evaluated ammonium (NH₄⁺) and phosphate (PO₄^3-) desorption in response to a range of salinities from freshwater to sea water (0, 3, 10, and 35 ppt Cl^-) on soils from two natural, and one restored forested wetland. Soil ammonium concentrations in the restored wetland (5.6 µg cm^-3 soil) are double that in the natural wetlands (1.2 and 2.3 µg cm^-3 soil). Despite the large difference in NH₄⁺ concentration, all three wetlands responded similarly to the addition of salt, with a rapid increase in NH₄⁺ desorption up to 10 ppt Cl^- concentration, then leveling off. We did not observe any clear patterns of PO₄^3- desorption in response to salinity. This work is contributing to our understanding of how sea level rise and saltwater intrusion affect nutrient cycling in coastal wetlands.

Matthew Stillwagon (Primary Presenter/Author), North Carolina State University, mgstillw@ncsu.edu;


Emily Bernhardt ( Co-Presenter/Co-Author), Duke University, ebernhar@duke.edu;


Justin Wright ( Co-Presenter/Co-Author), Duke University, justin.wright@duke.edu;


Marcelo Ardon ( Co-Presenter/Co-Author), North Carolina State University, mlardons@ncsu.edu;

6/7/2017  |   13:30 - 16:00   |  Ballroom C

EFFECTS OF A RUN OF RIVER RESERVOIR ON DOWNSTREAM WATER QUALITY WITH VARIABLE DISCHARGE Production of suspended algae within rivers and reservoirs is still not well understood, but could be important for nutrient processing. This study used semi-Lagrangian sampling to measure changes in algal biomass and nutrients downstream of a run-of-river reservoir on the Kalamazoo River (Michigan, USA). Longitudinal surveys showed that the upstream reservoir (Morrow Lake) transformed nitrogen and phosphorus to particulate forms by producing algae (measured as chlorophyll-a). However the algal biomass did not persist for long downstream, and the nutrients it contained were evidently regenerated. The downstream extent of algal biomass transport was dependent on discharge, with algae persisting further downstream in high flow summers than low flow summers, although at the highest discharge flushing limited algal growth in the reservoir. Concentrations of nitrate were reduced within and downstream of the reservoir, particularly during the lowest flow summers, but then returned to upstream concentrations after 30 km downstream. Ammonium did not show such predictable patterns. Understanding how run of river reservoirs affect the movement of nutrients through rivers is important to downstream water quality.

Micaleila Desotelle (Primary Presenter/Author), Michigan State University, desotell@msu.edu;


Stephen K. Hamilton ( Co-Presenter/Co-Author), Michigan State University & Cary Institute of Ecosystem Studies, hamilton@kbs.msu.edu;

6/7/2017  |   13:30 - 16:00   |  Ballroom C

ARE MERCURY METHYLATION AND SELENATE REDUCTION INDEPENDENT PROCESSES IN AQUATIC ECOSYSTEMS? Both mercury (Hg) and selenium (Se) can bioaccumulate within aquatic ecosystems and are toxic to organisms when found at high concentrations. Individually, high concentrations of either Hg or Se in water result in harmful impacts to biota, but the presence of both trace metals has been shown to have antagonistic effects; in fact, the assimilation efficiency of Hg is decreased when Se is present. Due to this relationship, many studies suggest that increased environmental concentrations and consumption of Se is a pathway to reduce Hg toxicity in organisms. Yet, despite this important link, little is understood in regard to biogeochemical factors promoting the environmental conversion of Hg and Se into more bioavailable forms and thereby leading to the concurrent uptake of Hg and Se by biota. We present a literature synthesis of the biogeochemical interaction between mercury and selenium, as well as abiotic factors that impact their bioavailability. We examine mechanisms for environmental interaction of Hg and Se and evidence for an antagonistic effect of Se on Hg toxicity.

Jacqueline Gerson (Primary Presenter/Author), Duke University, jgerson1@gmail.com;


Emily Bernhardt ( Co-Presenter/Co-Author), Duke University, ebernhar@duke.edu;

6/7/2017  |   13:30 - 16:00   |  Ballroom C

BIOFILM-SEDIMENT INTERACTIONS: MICRON-SCALE SPATIAL AND DIEL VARIATION IN OXYGEN Photosynthetic biofilms in streams can influence element cycles through changes in physicochemical conditions over diel time scales. Through diffusion and advection, the products of algal metabolism may modify chemical speciation and ecosystem function in sediments. We quantified the magnitude of change in physicochemical gradients over diel periods in sediments underlying photosynthetic biofilms. Hourly micron-scale physicochemical depth profiles from the water column into sediment were collected using oxygen microelectrodes. The sediment oxic layer was shallowest (~3 mm) at nighttime just before dawn and deepest (>10 mm) between 13:00–19:00. Deepest oxic layer was concurrent with the time that sediment oxygen concentration was highest (~140% saturation). Maximum sediment oxygen concentration was stable for an additional 4 hours following maximum water column concentration. Water column oxygen concentrations indicated that the stream was slightly autotrophic (NEP = 0.28 g O2/d/m2). Increased depth in the sediment oxic layer over diel periods suggests that algal biofilms can drive sediment physicochemistry and coupled elemental cycles at fine temporal scales. Time lag in oxygen concentrations within sediments suggests that biogeochemical reactions favored under oxic conditions would be sustained at depth beyond the period of peak primary production.

Andrea Fitzgibbon (Primary Presenter/Author), Kent State University , afitzgib@kent.edu;


David Costello ( Co-Presenter/Co-Author), Kent State University, dcostel3@kent.edu;

6/7/2017  |   13:30 - 16:00   |  Ballroom C

CAN HYDROLOGIC RESTORATION DECREASE GREENHOUSE GAS FLUXES FROM POCOSIN WETLANDS? Pocosin wetlands are efficient carbon sinks found in the southeastern US. Hydrologic restoration to pre-disturbance water levels seeks to recover carbon storage as a climate mitigation strategy. Raising water table levels can lead to reduced carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions, but may increase methane (CH4) emissions. We measured CO2, CH4, and N2O emissions before, during, and after re-wetting wetlands at the Pocosin Lakes National Wildlife Refuge. Pre-restoration means of CO2 and N2O fluxes were 2x higher in sites scheduled for restoration than reference sites (CO2 350±77 mg m-2 hr-1, 176±120 mg m-2 hr-1, N2O: 85±34 µg m-2 hr-1, 36±22 µg m-2 hr-1 respectively). While CH4 fluxes varied widely among sites (1.48±22.2 µg m-2 hr-1 restored, -4.48±44.2 µg m-2 hr-1 reference). Mean water table depths were lower at sites scheduled to be restored compared to reference sites (-0.63m vs. -0.37m, respectively) partially explaining the higher CO2 fluxes (F=22.8, p<0.01). We expect that decreased levels of CO2 fluxes will not be offset by increased CH4 emissions, resulting in net carbon storage in these restored pocosin wetlands.

Luise Armstrong (Primary Presenter/Author), East Carolina University, armstronglu15@students.ecu.edu;


Ariane Peralta ( Co-Presenter/Co-Author), East Carolina University, peraltaa@ecu.edu;


Marcelo Ardon ( Co-Presenter/Co-Author), North Carolina State University, mlardons@ncsu.edu;

6/7/2017  |   13:30 - 16:00   |  Ballroom C

DISSOLVED ORGANIC AND INORGANIC CARBON IN PRE-RESTORATION URBAN FOREST STREAMS, CHARLOTTE, NC In freshwater ecosystems, dissolved organic carbon records carbon sources and respiration, whereas dissolved inorganic carbon is thought to integrate groundwater inputs, mineral reactions, and microbial respiration. Land use change may influence the sources and utilization of organic carbon and DIC production. This study aims to understand DIC and DOC occurrence in tributaries of deeply incised, pre-restoration Reedy Creek (watershed area 2.5 mi2). Land uses include agriculture, residential development, pond influence, and undeveloped forest. Since 2016, surface and ground water were sampled from these sub-watersheds and the main watershed outlet (11 sites) for DIC and DOC in addition to major ions, nutrients, and stable isotopes. The agricultural watershed had the highest DOC concentration (site average 5.2 ppm in summer-fall 2016), while DOC was fairly consistent among the other land uses. DIC concentration was highest in the small developed watersheds (site averages 1.1-1.2 mM in summer-fall 2016) and lowest in the undeveloped forest stream (average 0.5 mM in summer-fall 2016).

Taylor Kiker (Primary Presenter/Author), University of North Carolina at Charlotte, tkiker@uncc.edu;


David Vinson, PhD ( Co-Presenter/Co-Author), University of North Carolina at Charlotte, dsvinson@uncc.edu;


Sandra Clinton, PhD ( Co-Presenter/Co-Author), University of North Carolina at Charlotte, sandra.clinton@charlotte.edu;
This session is being submitted on behalf of the SFS Science and Policy Committee.

Sara McMillan ( Co-Presenter/Co-Author), Iowa State University, swmcmill@iastate.edu;

6/7/2017  |   13:30 - 16:00   |  Ballroom C

HYDROLOGIC EFFECTS ON PHOSPHORUS STORAGE IN A FRESHWATER ESTUARY Excess phosphorus (P) in the Great Lakes stimulates toxic algal blooms that are harmful to the environment and human health. Research has shown that Great Lakes coastal wetlands are able to store a significant amount of P and help mitigate eutrophication. However, an individual wetland can spatially vary causing heterogeneous P storage. Our objective was to determine areas of maximum P storage in the sediments in Old Woman Creek estuary, an unaltered wetland along the coast of Lake Erie. We sampled sediment at 30 locations throughout the wetland at various depths and plant communities. Results from log-normalized data collected in June 2016 show a negative linear relationship between log water depth and log sediment total P (r2=-0.67). This suggests that P storage is higher in shallower areas. Additionally, log sediment total P shows a positive linear relationship with log total iron and log organic matter (r2=0.82 and r2=0.73, respectively) suggesting P is stored in the estuary by binding to iron oxides and in organic matter. Future analysis includes determining the variables that contribute to optimized P storage at shallower depths.

Bree Richardson (Primary Presenter/Author), Kent State University, bricha34@kent.edu;


Lauren Kinsman-Costello ( Co-Presenter/Co-Author), Kent State University, lkinsman@kent.edu;


Laura Johnson ( Co-Presenter/Co-Author), Heidelberg University, ljohnson@heidelberg.edu;


Kristin Arend ( Co-Presenter/Co-Author), Ohio Department of Natural Resources, kristin.arend@dnr.state.oh.us;

6/7/2017  |   13:30 - 16:00   |  Ballroom C

PATTERNS AND CONTROLS ON CELLULOSE DECOMPOSITION RATES WITHIN THICK ACCUMULATIONS OF FLOCCULENT SEDIMENT IN SHALLOW FRESHWATERS Thick accumulations of flocculent organic sediments (floc) are common in shallow freshwater ecosystems, but their biogeochemical and ecological importance are understudied. Investigating decomposition processes in floc is necessary to understand how these accumulations are maintained over time and how they contribute to organic carbon storage in freshwaters. We hypothesized that temperature and depth in floc are primary controls on decomposition rates; thus, rates would be higher in overlying water than in floc and would decrease with depth in the floc. To test this, we deployed vertical arrays of cotton strips in floc at 15 sites with diverse physicochemical conditions. After 21 days we retrieved the cotton strips and measured tensile strength loss as a proxy for decomposition. We also measured surface water and porewater chemistry, temperature, and dissolved oxygen (DO) to determine which factors influenced decomposition rates. Our results show that decomposition rates were on average lower in overlying water than in floc (where DO and temperature are typically lower), and suggest that the interactions between temperature, depth in floc, and dissolved phosphorus levels affect decomposition rates within floc.

Nicolas Lara (Primary Presenter/Author), Oberlin College, nlara@oberlin.edu;


Dustin Kincaid ( Co-Presenter/Co-Author), W.K. Kellogg Biological Station and Department of Integrative Biology, Michigan State University, kincai32@msu.edu;


Stephen K. Hamilton ( Co-Presenter/Co-Author), Michigan State University & Cary Institute of Ecosystem Studies, hamilton@kbs.msu.edu;


Scott Tiegs ( Co-Presenter/Co-Author), Oakland University, tiegs@oakland.edu;

6/7/2017  |   13:30 - 16:00   |  Ballroom C

PATTERNS IN DISSOLVED ORGANIC MATTER CHARACTER PROVIDE PERSPECTIVE ON THE INTERCONNECTION AND FUNCTION OF WATERSHED ECOSYSTEMS The movement of water connects watershed ecosystems linking uplands to floodplains and headwater streams to oceans. Dissolved organic matter (DOM) is a critical currency for material and energy exchange among these systems, as well as an indicator of processes that transform DOM character along the way. Hence, DOM character may trace hydrologic connectivity between ecosystems, and indicate function within ecosystems. We evaluated DOM composition fluorometrically (Excitation Emission Matrices; EEMs), and modeled variation in carbon quality with parallel factor (PARAFAC) analyses. We compiled eight DOM PARAFAC models representing common watershed components, including: precipitation, glacial snowpack/ice, agricultural soils, floodplain sediments, headwaters, and higher-order rivers. Recalcitrant DOM chemical species were dominant signatures of precipitation, headwaters, floodplains, soils, and rivers, and may provide a more conservative tracer of hydrologic connections (e.g., linking terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems). Labile DOM were ubiquitous, varying with source environment (e.g., glaciers and geothermally-fed streams), indicating primary production or local carbon processing dynamics. Taken together, classification of DOM character regimes across watersheds will lead to a scalable perspective on how whole-watershed function emerges from the integrated behavior of composite ecosystems.

Juliana D'Andrilli (Primary Presenter/Author), Montana State University, juliana@montana.edu;


James Junker ( Co-Presenter/Co-Author), University of North Texas, james.junker1@gmail.com;


Robert Payn ( Co-Presenter/Co-Author), Montana State University, Montana Institute on Ecosystems, rpayn@montana.edu;


Meryl Storb ( Co-Presenter/Co-Author), USGS WY-MT Water Science Center, mstorb@usgs.gov;


H. Maurice Valett ( Co-Presenter/Co-Author), University of Montana, Division of Biological Sciences, maury.valett@umontana.edu;


Marc Peipoch ( Co-Presenter/Co-Author), Stroud Water Research Center, mpeipoch@stroudcenter.org;


Brent Christner ( Co-Presenter/Co-Author), University of Florida, xner@ufl.edu;


Rachel Joyce ( Co-Presenter/Co-Author), University of Florida, rejoyce17@ufl.edu;


Rachel Kohn ( Co-Presenter/Co-Author), University of Florida, rkohn2@ufl.edu;


Eric Scholl ( Co-Presenter/Co-Author), U.S. Geological Survey, escholl@usgs.gov;


Richard Engel ( Co-Presenter/Co-Author), Montana State University, rengel@montana.edu;


Carlos Romero ( Co-Presenter/Co-Author), Montana State University, carlos.romero2@msu.montana.edu;

6/7/2017  |   13:30 - 16:00   |  Ballroom C

SYNTHESIZING COASTAL SALTWATER INTRUSION STUDIES ACROSS THE SOUTHEASTERN US - ARE ALL SALINIZATION PATHWAYS THE SAME? Freshwater ecosystems of the east coast of the United States are becoming more saline as climate change advances the progression of marine salts landward through sea level rise, strengthened storm surges, and increased drought intensity. Efforts to monitor saltwater incursion into freshwater ecosystems have demonstrated large variability in the advancing salinity front, meaning that not all systems are experiencing saltwater incursion in the same way. By comparing solute chemistry and soil solution data from sites across the southeastern United States, we aim to evaluate these differences and explain the variability in ecosystem response to salinization. We ask: what is the range of salt concentrations experienced in freshwater coastal environments? What are the rates of salinity changes over time at each site? Do relative solute contributions fluctuate across different systems, and what can be inferred about the underlying biogeochemical response to salinization? Results from this data synthesis indicate far more variability in solute chemistry and soil solution data across salinization sites than previously appreciated.

Emily Ury (Primary Presenter/Author), Duke University, ury.emily@gmail.com;


Emily Bernhardt ( Co-Presenter/Co-Author), Duke University, ebernhar@duke.edu;


Justin Wright ( Co-Presenter/Co-Author), Duke University, justin.wright@duke.edu;

6/7/2017  |   13:30 - 16:00   |  Ballroom C

THE CONTRIBUTION OF DARK METABOLISM TO STREAM ECOSYSTEM ENERGETICS The flow of carbon and nutrients through streams is fundamentally linked to the flow of energy. Dark metabolism – the collection of anaerobic respiration and metabolic processes not mediated by light – can constitute a significant portion of the net energy flow. Traditional measurements of stream metabolism calculate rates of net ecosystem productivity based on diel O2 curves, using the assumption that photosynthesis and aerobic respiration are the only processes acting to produce or consume energy. This does not capture dark metabolism, which has been measured and found to contribute substantially to net energy flow in a variety of streams. Dark metabolism includes both autotrophic processes (e.g. nitrification) and heterotrophic processes (e.g. denitrification), with these processes constituting up to 13% and 19% of the energetic budgets respectively. In this study we present a synthesis of stream energy budgets calculated from Gibbs free energy of the processes measured in available literature.

Alice M. Carter (Primary Presenter/Author), Flathead Lake Biological Station, University of Montana, alicecarter05@gmail.com;


Emily Bernhardt ( Co-Presenter/Co-Author), Duke University, ebernhar@duke.edu;


Jim Heffernan ( Co-Presenter/Co-Author), Duke University, james.heffernan@duke.edu;

6/7/2017  |   13:30 - 16:00   |  Ballroom C

THE IMPACT OF ANTIBIOTICS ON SEDIMENT BIOGEOCHEMCIAL PROCESSES IN URBAN STREAMS The presence of antibiotics in the environment have been identified as an emerging environmental contaminant problem (Buxton, 2014). These compounds have been detected in various levels in stream water and sediments downstream of wastewater treatment facilities (WWTFs). Much is known surrounding bacterial resistance associated with exposure to antibiotics. However, little is known about the potential impact these antibiotics may have on microbial communities that are critical for nitrification, denitrification, methanogenesis and methane oxidation. The present study proposes to identify the most abundant antibiotics and their concentration in surface water, porewater, and sediment downstream of WWTFs and other non-point sources. The most abundant antibiotics will be studied in microcosms of stream sediment and water to assess the potential impact common antibiotics may have on nitrification, denitrification, methanogenesis, and methane oxidation. Previous studies have demonstrated that antibiotics can limit these processes, however, the concentration used were above environmental relevance. Accordingly, this study is designed to assess the impact of antibiotics on these ecosystem functions at environmentally relevant concentrations.

Austin Gray (Primary Presenter/Author), Virginia Tech, austindg@vt.edu;
Assistant Professor, Department of Biological Sciences, Virginia Tech

6/7/2017  |   13:30 - 16:00   |  Ballroom C

TOTAL NITRATE REMOVAL BY FLOCCULENT ORGANIC SEDIMENTS IN SHALLOW FRESHWATER ECOSYSTEMS Anthropogenic activities have increased the availability of nitrogen (N) to the biosphere. Some proportion of this N enters aquatic ecosystems, mainly as nitrate, via runoff, groundwater, and/or atmospheric deposition. Relative to their areal coverage, a disproportionate amount of anthropogenic N is processed by these recipient ecosystems. Nitrogen cycling in small waterbodies, given their shallow nature, is strongly influenced by the sediment-water interface. In these ecosystems, thick layers of flocculent organic sediments (floc) have a tendency to accumulate. Although floc is nearly ubiquitous, little is known about its biogeochemical importance in shallow freshwater ecosystems. The objective of this study was to measure in situ nitrate removal rates by floc in a variety of shallow waters by enriching overlying water in mesocosms with nitrate and bromide and monitoring changes in concentrations over three diel cycles. Uptake rates of nitrate from overlying water increased with increasing water temperature, water depth, and sediment chlorophyll concentration, and ranged from -0.25 to -7.28 mmol m^-2 h^-1. These rates are similar to those measured in other shallow aquatic ecosystems.

Dustin Kincaid (Primary Presenter/Author), W.K. Kellogg Biological Station and Department of Integrative Biology, Michigan State University, kincai32@msu.edu;


Stephen K. Hamilton ( Co-Presenter/Co-Author), Michigan State University & Cary Institute of Ecosystem Studies, hamilton@kbs.msu.edu;

6/7/2017  |   13:30 - 16:00   |  Ballroom C

WATER QUALITY RAMIFICATIONS OF TEMPORARY DRAINAGE OF OREGON RESERVOIRS TO FACILITATE JUVENILE CHINOOK SALMON PASSAGE Reservoirs can support anadromous salmonids but the dams may impede fish passage downstream. The Willamette River system in Oregon (USA) has a number of such dams, including the Fall Creek Reservoir. Managers are experimenting with deep drawdowns of that reservoir to promote downstream passage of juvenile endangered Chinook Salmon, and to discourage invasive fish species that prey on or compete with the salmon. Over the past four years we have studied the downstream water quality changes during these drawdowns, which reach stream bed in the late autumn. We found modest increases in available nutrient concentrations due to drainage of near-bottom water and surficial sediment porewaters, but the increase is ephemeral and unlikely to cause eutrophication. Upon reaching stream bed there is much erosion and export of fine sediments. The oxygen demand of these sediments is not high. Sedimentation of downstream habitats is the greatest concern, but careful management of the drawdown could mitigate sediment export.

Stephen Hamilton (Primary Presenter/Author), Cary Institute of Ecosystem Studies, hamilton@caryinstitute.org;


Christina A. Murphy ( Co-Presenter/Co-Author), U.S. Geological Survey, Maine Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit, Orono, ME, christina.murphy@maine.edu;
things here

Sherri Johnson ( Co-Presenter/Co-Author), U.S. Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station, sherrijohnson@fs.fed.us;


Ivan Arismendi ( Co-Presenter/Co-Author), Oregon State University, Department of Fisheries & Wildlife, ivan.arismendi@oregonstate.edu;

6/7/2017  |   13:30 - 16:00   |  Ballroom C

WITHIN-REACH VARIATION IN NITRIFICATION AND DENITRIFICATION RATES IN STREAMS OF THE UPPER PENINSULA OF MICHIGAN Variation of nitrogen transformation rates among channel geomorphic units within a stream is assumed to be small, but has been seldom quantified. We asked whether nitrification and denitrification rates varied among randomly selected pools within a 200m reach from three streams in the Upper Peninsula of Michigan. Nitrification rates, quantified using nitrapyrin-inhibition, and denitrification rates, quantified using acetylene block, were significantly lower in the smallest (discharge = 4.5 L/s) than in the largest (2700 L/s) stream, but were similar to those in an intermediate sized stream (30 L/s). There was greater variation in rates among pools in the smallest stream (coefficient of variation (CV) = 2.0 for nitrification, 6.3 for denitrification) than within the other two streams or across all pools in the study (CV = 0.2 to 1.6). Across all streams, denitrification and nitrification were positively correlated (r = 0.69, p < 0.001), but not correlated to ammonium, phosphate, or sediment organic matter. Our findings suggest that rates of nitrogen transformations may be highly variable among channel units and therefore may not be well estimated by a single study site per reach.

Michelle Catherine Kelly (Primary Presenter/Author), University of Kansas, michellekelly@ku.edu;


Kevin Nevorski ( Co-Presenter/Co-Author), Michigan Technological University, kcnevors@mtu.edu;


Amy Marcarelli ( Co-Presenter/Co-Author), Michigan Technological University, ammarcar@mtu.edu;

6/7/2017  |   13:30 - 16:00   |  Ballroom C

AGRICULTURAL IMPACTS ON ALGAL AND MACROINVERTEBRATE COMMUNITIES IN VERNAL POOLS IN WEST-CENTRAL OHIO Limited research has been conducted on lower trophic levels in vernal pools despite their significant contributions to food web dynamics and rapid responses to changes in environmental conditions. In 2013, two vernal pools located in two different habitats (prairie and woodland) were sampled at the Ohio Northern University Tidd-Oakes Farm in Hardin County, Ohio, USA, to determine the vascular plant, algal, macroinvertebrate and amphibian community composition and their corresponding physicochemical conditions. Initial results indicated that the prairie pool was characterized by different dominant taxa and higher taxa richness for a variety of aquatic or semi-aquatic organismal groups (macrophytes, macroalgae, macroinvertebrates and amphibians) likely related to increased light availability.  Additional samples from these habitats, collected in the spring of 2017, will be used to determine if extensive drainage tile installation (summer of 2016) on the agricultural field adjacent to both of the vernal pools has influenced the makeup and the environmental state of these temporary aquatic habitats.

Olivia Keserich (Primary Presenter/Author), Ohio Northern University, o-keserich@onu.edu;


Kelsey Weidner ( Co-Presenter/Co-Author), Ohio Northern University, k-weidner@onu.edu;


Leslie Riley ( Co-Presenter/Co-Author), Ohio Northern University, l-riley.1@onu.edu;


Robert Verb ( Co-Presenter/Co-Author), Ohio Northern University, r-verb@onu.edu;

6/7/2017  |   13:30 - 16:00   |  Ballroom C

ASSESSING LONG-TERM ECOLOGICAL CHANGE IN THE OGEECHEE RIVER USING AQUATIC INVERTEBRATE COMMUNITIES In the 1980s, an extensive collection of aquatic invertebrates from the Ogeechee River (Georgia, USA) was produced from sampling submerged woody debris. Since this collection, there has been considerable change on both a global and local scale. Currently, we are repeating the sampling to compare aquatic invertebrate communities between the past and present. Our aim is to understand: (1) whether changes in community structure and trait diversity have occurred, (2) what trends dominate in these invertebrate assemblages, and (3) what might be the source of changes. Initial re-analysis of the 1980s data shows that communities varied by season but not by sampling year. Additionally, most of the dominant taxa in the 1980s are still present, but current sampling has revealed the presence of a new taxon to appear consistently on submerged woody debris, the caddisfly genus Brachycentrus. By revisiting the original collection and making this addition to it, and preserving both in a natural history museum, our goal is to provide a basis for continued study in light of global change and anthropogenic effects on invertebrate biodiversity in Southeastern rivers.

Kelly Murray (Primary Presenter/Author), Department of Entomology, University of Georgia, kmmurray14@gmail.com;


Joseph McHugh ( Co-Presenter/Co-Author), Department of Entomology, University of Georgia, mchugh@uga.edu;


Darold Batzer ( Co-Presenter/Co-Author), Department of Entomology, University of Georgia, dbatzer@uga.edu;

6/7/2017  |   13:30 - 16:00   |  Ballroom C

COMPARING ECOSYSTEM FUNCTIONAL AND STRUCTURAL RESPONSES TO CHEMICAL STRESSORS Ecosystem structure and function are commonly used to assess the effects of stressors at the ecosystem scale. It is understood that these endpoints have different sensitivity to stress, and the assumption is that structural measures (e.g., community composition) respond at lower stress levels than functional measures (e.g., rates of primary production). These assumptions have influenced hypotheses in stress ecology as well as monitoring and management approaches, but the extent to which structure–function sensitivity has been empirically tested is not clear. The objective of our critical review is to assess the scientific evidence on responses of ecosystem function and structure to chemical stressors. Specifically, we aim to examine 1) how frequently are functional and structural responses to stress empirically measured at the ecosystem-scale, 2) what are common metrics of ecosystem function and structure, and 3) if the sensitivity of these endpoints is related. We identified 572 publications that included mentions of ecosystem structure and function in response to stressors such as chemical pollution and landuse change. We expect to compare responses among endpoints, verify the structure–function relationship in response to stress, and identify knowledge gaps that warrant further investigation.

Raissa Mendonca (Primary Presenter/Author), Kent State University, rmarques@kent.edu;


Mirco Bundschuh ( Co-Presenter/Co-Author), Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, mirco.bundschuh@slu.se;


Jochen Zubrod ( Co-Presenter/Co-Author), University of Koblenz-Landau, zubrod@uni-landau.de;


Anna Harrison ( Co-Presenter/Co-Author), Institute for Great Lakes Research, Central Michigan University, harri25a@cmich.edu;


David Costello ( Co-Presenter/Co-Author), Kent State University, dcostel3@kent.edu;

6/7/2017  |   13:30 - 16:00   |  Ballroom C

DRYING GRADIENT INFLUENCE ON FRESHWATER INVERTEBRATE DIVERSITY ALONG A CENTRAL KENTUCKY INTERMITTENT STREAM Seasonal drying and flooding are frequent natural disturbances in Kentucky’s karst streams. The severity of these changes can vary along a single stream which challenges the aquatic organisms. To test macroinvertebrate community responses to stream drying, we studied a central Kentucky stream that had a perennially flowing section and summer drying intermittent section. As the intermittent section dries, water is reduced to isolated stagnant pools that can range from puddles (<1 m2) to large deep pools (>50 m2). In addition to macroinvertebrates, we measured other environmental characteristics (predatory fish presence, water chemistry, and hydrology). As we predicted, the perennial section had greater species diversity, with higher proportions of disturbance-sensitive groups (i.e. EPT). Within the intermittent section, larger pools were more diverse, likely due to higher dissolved oxygen or habitat complexity. Predatory fish were present in all the intermittent pools and may not be a strong influence on the macroinvertebrate communities. Understanding the community dynamics in drying streams may help us determine which aquatic macroinvertebrates may be vulnerable or resilient to more frequent or severe drying disturbances predicted with climate change.

Margaret Finn (Primary Presenter/Author), Centre College, margaret.finn@centre.edu;


Cara Barnett ( Co-Presenter/Co-Author), Centre College, cara.barnett@centre.edu;


Mark Galatowitsch ( Co-Presenter/Co-Author), Centre College, mark.galatowitsch@centre.edu;

6/7/2017  |   13:30 - 16:00   |  Ballroom C

GEOLOGIC INFLUENCES ON AQUATIC INVERTEBRATE COMMUNITY STRUCTURE AND INTEGRITY IN OZARK TRIBUTARIES AT BUFFALO NATIONAL RIVER AND OZARK NATIONAL SCENIC RIVERWAYS Watersheds are influenced by local and regional environmental factors that affect surface flows, groundwater sources, and aquatic invertebrate communities. Geologic characteristics associated with karst topography play a key role in structure and function of Ozark Plateau streams, including water chemistry, hydrology, and temperature. Invertebrate data (2005-2016) and environmental factors collected from 55 wadeable tributaries of three Ozark rivers (Buffalo River, Arkansas, and Current and Jacks Fork Rivers, Missouri) were analyzed to determine geologic influences on invertebrate community structure and integrity. Additional local/regional environmental factors were examined. Preliminary results indicate major geologic differences between basins appear to influence community structure, but do not appear to determine overall community integrity. Invertebrate community metrics varied among tributaries and between basins with similar values for all three watersheds showing little indication of disturbance. Distinct basin groupings of taxa similarity in relation to geologic differences illustrate potential influences of geology on community structure. Gradual erosion of the Ozarks, inherent in their geology, could potentially influence invertebrate community structure; therefore, long-term monitoring is important for early detection of erosion and anthropogenic influences on the invertebrate community.

Janice A. Hinsey (Primary Presenter/Author), National Park Service (NPS), Heartland Inventory & Monitoring Network (HTLN), Jan_Hinsey@nps.gov;

6/7/2017  |   13:30 - 16:00   |  Ballroom C

IMPACT OF SUBSTRATE TYPE ON PERIPHYTON AND MACROINVERTEBRATE COMMUNITY STRUCTURE IN SECOND AND THIRD ORDER STREAM REACHES Substrate, whether artificial or natural, within stream systems provides viable habitat for a variety of benthic organisms, including macroinvertebrates and algae. There have been limited investigations into benthic community structure variation between natural and anthropogenic substrate types and how these factors may change with shifts in stream geomorphology associated with stream order. Benthic algae and macroinvertebrates were sampled from 2nd (Hog Creek, OH) and 3rd order (Ottawa River, OH) stream segments in October 2016. At each location periphyton and macroinvertebrates were collected from all visible and viable substrates within a 200-m stream segment. These sampling endeavours yielded a total of 22 substrate types from Hog Creek (20 natural, 2 anthropogenic) while the Ottawa River had 17 substrate types identified (12 natural, 5 anthropogenic). Additional multivariate analyses will be conducted to determine if the periphyton and macroinvertebrate community diversity and structure varies between substrate types and stream order.

Robert Verb (Primary Presenter/Author), Ohio Northern University, r-verb@onu.edu;


Paige Kleindl ( Co-Presenter/Co-Author), Annis Water Resources Institute-Grand Valley State University, kleindlp@mail.gvsu.edu;


Stephanie Estell ( Co-Presenter/Co-Author), Ohio Northern University , s-estell@onu.edu;


Leslie Riley ( Co-Presenter/Co-Author), Ohio Northern University, l-riley.1@onu.edu;

6/7/2017  |   13:30 - 16:00   |  Ballroom C

MACROINVERTEBRATES ALONG A STREAM DISCHARGE AND ELEVATIONAL GRADIENT: WHO SURVIVES AND WHO THRIVES IN SMALL MOUNTAIN STREAMS Small streams frequently go overlooked in stream ecology but can contribute to regional biodiversity of macroinvertebrates. Headwater streams fall along a gradient of stream discharge, ranging from streams with widths of several meters to small streams with widths well under a meter. The size of streams described as small varies drastically between studies, and the smallest streams unable of housing fish are often omitted. In the summer of 2016, macroinvertebrates were sampled throughout the summer season from 17 headwater streams in the Colorado Rocky Mountains, ranging in elevation from 2000 to 3000 meters. The average width of these streams ranged from over 4 meters to 40 centimeters. The pattern of taxon richness and functional trait diversity was then examined along the discharge gradient and compared between sites at higher and lower elevations. With climate change predictions forecasting less snowfall and earlier snowmelt in many mountainous areas, it is more important than ever to understand the communities of these small streams as other streams begin to decrease in size.

M Holliday Lafferty (Primary Presenter/Author), Colorado State University , mhollylafferty@gmail.com;

6/7/2017  |   13:30 - 16:00   |  Ballroom C

POSITIVE INTERSPECIFIC INTERACTIONS BETWEEN SHRIMP AND EPHEMEROPTERA IN A TROPICAL STREAM, PUERTO RICO Facilitation is a particular type of interspecific interactions where one of the participating species benefits from the presence of the other. Facilitation often aids in maximizing resource utilization by consumers. In tropical coastal and island streams, shrimps are known to have strong interactions with other components of the community. Shrimp feeding activities reduce benthic organic matter, algal and invertebrate biomass, and changes the composition of benthic assemblages. In contrast to other groups, Leptophlebiidae mayflies increase in numbers when shrimp are present, suggesting facilitation between the two groups. The objective of this study was to assess the mechanism by which shrimp activity benefits mayfly nymphs. Field incubated tiles were placed under laboratory conditions, we created two treatments: tiles incubated with and without shrimp. After four days of incubation, we removed shrimps and placed 10 mayfly nymphs. While shrimp significantly decreased chlorophyll and organic matter on tiles, they also enhanced mayfly growth rates. Overall, our study shows that shrimp foraging activities facilitate mayfly access to food resources and potentially increase their population success in tropical streams in Puerto Rico.

Adriana Marcela Forero Céspedes (Primary Presenter/Author), University of Tolima, adrianam@ut.edu.co;


Pablo E. Gutiérrez-Fonseca ( Co-Presenter/Co-Author), University of Costa Rica, pabloe.gutierrezfonseca@gmail.com;


Alonso Ramírez ( Co-Presenter/Co-Author), North Carolina State University, alonso.ramirez@ncsu.edu;

6/7/2017  |   13:30 - 16:00   |  Ballroom C

SEASONAL DIFFERENCES IN THE COMPOSITION OF OGEECHEE RIVER BENTHIC COMMUNITIES IN RESPONSE TO TEMPORAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS The Ogeechee river is a free-flowing blackwater river rising in the Georgia piedmont before flowing into the coastal plain. Benthic macroinvertebrate communities in the river experience seasonal variation of physicochemical variables due in part to winter and spring floods. In combination with temporally driven life history traits, these factors can alter community composition over the course of the year. To examine how they influence invertebrate assemblages, quarterly benthic and physicochemical sampling was performed at six sites along the Ogeechee River within the coastal plain. Invertebrates were collected using a 20 jab method and a 200-invertebrate sub-sample was identified to genus or lowest practical taxonomic level. Resemblance based analyses of community structure suggest some degree of separation between communities by season. Discharge, temperature and pH vary seasonally and appear to be major drivers of differences in community structure. The prominence of these variables supports the role of seasonal changes in climate and hydrology in governing benthic biota in the lower portion of the river.

Julien Buchbinder (Primary Presenter/Author), Georgia Southern University, jb19126@georgiasouthern.edu;

6/7/2017  |   13:30 - 16:00   |  Ballroom C

SEASONAL VARIATION IN BENTHIC COMMUNITY STRUCTURE OF A TWO-STAGE DITCH Two primary threats to northwestern Ohio watersheds are hydrological variation and nutrient enrichment from agricultural runoff. Two-stage ditches are one method utilized for reducing discharge and sediment loading into primary tributaries during precipitation events, but little is known about the biology of these systems. The purpose of this study was to document spatial and seasonal variation in benthic community structure of a two-stage ditch in the Blanchard River watershed (Hardin County, Ohio). During June and October 2016, 12 sites spanning the length of the two-stage ditch, as well as neighboring sites within a traditional ditch, were sampled for periphyton, macroinvertebrates and physicochemical parameters were recorded. Preliminary analyses from June revealed that sites from the traditional ditch were different than sites within the two-stage ditch. Two-stage ditch sites had lower turbidity, cooler temperatures and a macroinvertebrate community dominated by isopods, oligochaetes and physid snails. In contrast, upstream sites were dominated by lymnaeid snails and had higher macroalgal cover. These differences could be due to groundwater upwelling or changes in canopy cover, with two stage ditch sites more heavily shaded by dense herbaceous vegetation.

Leslie Riley (Primary Presenter/Author), Ohio Northern University, l-riley.1@onu.edu;


Colin Light ( Co-Presenter/Co-Author), Ohio Northern University, c-light@onu.edu;


Connor Ney ( Co-Presenter/Co-Author), Ohio Northern University, Department of Biological & Allied Health Sciences, c-ney@onu.edu;


Kalyn Rossiter ( Co-Presenter/Co-Author), Ohio Northern University, k-rossiter@onu.edu;


Devon Jackson ( Co-Presenter/Co-Author), Ohio Northern University, Department of Biological & Allied Health Sciences, d-jackson.5@onu.edu;


Robert Verb ( Co-Presenter/Co-Author), Ohio Northern University, r-verb@onu.edu;

6/7/2017  |   13:30 - 16:00   |  Ballroom C

SHORT-TERM RESPONSES OF BENTHIC AND EMERGING INSECTS TO DAMSELFLY PREDATION Evidence from fishless communities suggests that invertebrate predators can strongly impact invertebrate abundance and community structure. However, there is little research on the impact on emergence, despite recent evidence that predation can have different effects on benthic versus emerging insects. We measured the response of benthic and emerging insects to a density gradient (0-10 individuals/m2) of the invertebrate predator, Enallagma civile, over 28 days in outdoor mesocosms. Preliminary analysis showed a negative relationship between the density of damselflies and insect emergence abundance (primarily Chironomidae). In contrast, we found no evidence of a relationship between damselfly density and benthic insect abundance. However, the slopes of these effects had broad confidence intervals, and we found no evidence that they differed in the strength of effect between emerging and benthic prey. Moreover, after week one any predator control by damselflies disappeared, likely due to other invertebrate predators (e.g. beetles and dragonflies) colonizing the pools, or to delayed emergence in pools with high densities of damselflies.

Lauren Henning (Primary Presenter/Author), University of South Dakota, lauren.henning@usd.edu;


Jeff Wesner ( Co-Presenter/Co-Author), University of South Dakota, Jeff.Wesner@usd.edu;

6/7/2017  |   13:30 - 16:00   |  Ballroom C

TERRESTRIAL VINES ON SUBMERGED WOODY DEBRIS INFLUENCE MACROINVERTEBRATE COMMUNITY STRUCTURE Woody debris is an important habitat for aquatic organisms, yet the effect of vines wrapped around the logs, adding structural complexity and surface area, has not been investigated. Vines naturally grow on riparian trees while they are living. When the trees die and fall into the stream, the vines remain, becoming integrated into the aquatic habitat. This experiment investigated the effect of structural complexity, in the form of submerged woody debris with vines attached, on aquatic macroinvertebrate communities in Augusta Creek, Michigan. Vines were randomly removed from three out of the six logs studied. Sites were sampled twice before and three times after vine removal. Functional feeding groups, density estimates, and Simpson’s diversity indices were determined for collected macroinvertebrates. Preliminary results indicate that two weeks and seven weeks after vine removal, macroinvertebrate diversity was higher in logs with vines still intact, compared to logs with vines removed, yet this was not statistically significant (F=3.218, p>0.05). Both had similar values four weeks after removal. This is the first study that quantifies the effect of submerged vines on aquatic communities.

Katie Kierczynski (Primary Presenter/Author), Michigan State University, kierczy2@msu.edu;


Courtney Larson ( Co-Presenter/Co-Author), U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, larson.courtney@epa.gov;
U.S. EPA

M. Eric Benbow ( Co-Presenter/Co-Author), Michigan State University, benbow@msu.edu;

6/7/2017  |   13:30 - 16:00   |  Ballroom C

THE INFLUENCE OF CLADOPHORA GLOMERATA AS A HABITAT MODIFIER IN BEDROCK DOMINATED RIFFLE HABITATS Cladophora glomerata is a widely distributed freshwater macroalgal taxa and can provide an important habitat for macroinvertebrates. In some Ohio rivers, especially those with solid substrates, C. glomerata generates dense beds of streaming filaments. The objective of this investigation was to determine if the benthic communities found in C. glomerata beds were different and more diverse than the surrounding bedrock substrate in two different rivers (Kokosing River and Riley Creek, Ohio, USA). During the fall of 2015, C. glomerata beds and adjacent sandstone bedrock substrates were sampled in the Kokosing River for macroinvertebrates, periphyton and selected environmental parameters. During October 2016, similar samples were collected in additional C. glomerata beds and adjacent limestone bedrock substrates in Riley Creek. Preliminary results from the Kokosing River show that macroinvertebrate diversity (H’) was higher within C. glomerata beds, but periphyton diversity (H’) was not significantly different than communities on the sandstone bedrock. Shifts in community structure were more influenced by time than by substrate type, likely representing natural successional stages following a large scouring event prior to the initiation of this study.

Emily Henneman (Primary Presenter/Author), Ohio Northern University, e-henneman@onu.edu;


Leslie Riley ( Co-Presenter/Co-Author), Ohio Northern University, l-riley.1@onu.edu;


Robert Verb ( Co-Presenter/Co-Author), Ohio Northern University, r-verb@onu.edu;

6/7/2017  |   13:30 - 16:00   |  Ballroom C

INTEGRATING AQUATIC ECOLOGY IN SOCIO-ECOLOGICAL SYSTEMS: THE CASE OF PALM OIL PLANTATIONS IN SOUTHEAST MEXICO Over the last several decades, land conversion to palm oil production has increased due to growing demand for palm oil as a renewable form of energy and as an additive to food and personal care products. In general, this land use change results in a degradation of the biotic composition and ecosystem processes in streams due to increasing inputs of sediments, nutrients, pesticides and herbicides, and by altering in-stream habitat and hydrology. However, to fully understand and quantify the drivers of this land use conversion and design effective conservation strategies, it is essential to incorporate the socio-political and economic factors (e.g. regulatory policies, economic incentives, and land ownership) that influence it. We develop a framework that integrates social, natural and geographical information to examine the context that has led to the expansion of palm oil plantations in Southeast Mexico and their ecological effects. We will use this framework to guide observational and experimental studies to quantify the ecological impacts of land conversion on streams, as well as to predict future expansion of plantations and the consequent changes to stream structure and function.

Keysa G. Rosas (Primary Presenter/Author), University of Georgia, keysa.rosas@gmail.com;


Krista Capps ( Co-Presenter/Co-Author), University of Georgia, kcapps@uga.edu;
Research in Krista Capps's lab is dedicated to understanding how anthropogenic activities alter community structure and ecosystem processes (e.g., productivity, decomposition, and biogeochemical cycling) in freshwater ecosystems. Much of her research has focused on the impacts of consumers on basal food resources, community structure, and nutrient dynamics in streams and wetlands. To translate scientific knowledge to actionable outcomes, she actively works with community groups and local, state, and federal employees to develop programs that integrate stakeholder concerns into research planning.

6/7/2017  |   13:30 - 16:00   |  Ballroom C

AN EVALUATION OF THE FIELD-BASED AQUATIC BENCHMARK FOR SPECIFIC CONDUCTANCE FOR USE IN NORTHEASTERN MINNESOTA We reviewed the application of the field-based aquatic benchmark for specific conductance, as originally developed for the central Appalachian Mountains, for use in northeastern Minnesota. We identified interesting issues that should be considered prior to more wide-scale application of the method. Comparing extirpation coefficients for genera common to both ecoregions showed substantially different limits for the same genera. This is an issue with the underlying premise of the conductivity benchmark that physiological limits to ion chemistry affect the distribution of benthic invertebrate taxa. Additionally, stressor-response profiles revealed different responses for common genera and highlighted the influence of low capture probability on the hazard concentration. The effects of low capture probability placed in the context of relative abundance for any one genera is not factored into the presence/absence approach used in the benchmark. This issue should be further investigated, because extirpation of a genus is largely pinned on the presence/absence of a single individual and its likelihood of being collected in a stream. We conclude that the specific conductance benchmark approach would still benefit from further investigation of these issues prior to application to other ecoregions.

Kimberly Gerlock (Primary Presenter/Author), GEI Consultants, Inc., kschott@geiconsultants.com ;

6/7/2017  |   13:30 - 16:00   |  Ballroom C

DISTRIBUTION OF TRACE ELEMENTS AND CS-137 IN SEDIMENTS OF A COASTAL PLAIN STREAM IMPACTED BY INDUSTRIAL ACTIVITIES A previous study revealed average concentrations of eight elements to be elevated above Ecological Screen Values (ESV) in a beaver pond on McQueen Branch (MQB), a coastal plain stream located on the U.S. Department of Energy’s Savannah River Site. Here, we compare this beaver pond to ponds in two less disturbed systems and assessed potential upstream MQB source areas. Concentrations of 16 trace elements and Cs-137 were analyzed in 44 composite sediment samples. Concentrations tended to be higher in the MQB sites. Within MQB, concentrations of up to 10 elements exceeded their ESV in sediments in or near sedimentation basins at the heads of two tributaries above the previously studied beaver pond. Concentrations of many elements were positively correlated to organic matter and clay content. Consequently, concentrations were lower in stream reaches that were severely scoured by excessive stormwater runoff. Concentrations tended to attenuate downstream of the headwater basins, but again accumulated in the slower waters of the beaver pond. Sedimentation basins and beaver ponds play an integral role in the storage and subsequent redistribution of contaminants in these streams.

Brooke Lindell (Primary Presenter/Author), Savannah River Ecology Laboratory-University of Georgia, elindell@uga.edu;


J.C. Seaman ( Co-Presenter/Co-Author), Savannah River Ecology Laboratory-University of Georgia, seaman@srel.uga.edu;


J.V. McArthur ( Co-Presenter/Co-Author), Savannah River Ecology Laboratory-University of Georgia, mcarthur@srel.uga.edu;


Dean Fletcher ( Co-Presenter/Co-Author), Savannah River Ecology Laboratory-University of Georgia, fletcher@srel.uga.edu;

6/7/2017  |   13:30 - 16:00   |  Ballroom C

EFFECTS OF AN INDUSTRIAL BASIN OVERFLOW ON TRACE ELEMENT ACCUMULATION IN SEDIMENT AND BIOTA OF A COASTAL PLAIN STREAM A sedimentation basin holding contaminated sediments overflowed for the first time following record rainfalls, potentially contaminating an adjacent stream. We evaluated 16 trace element concentrations in sediment, 7 dragonfly nymph genera, 1 crane fly larva genus, and 3 crayfish species collected downstream of the basin before and one year after the overflow event. Sediments from an upstream beaver pond were analyzed to assess potential upstream contaminant sources. Dragonfly community composition, size frequencies, and head width-weight relationships were compared between years. Organic matter, clay content, and most trace element concentrations increased between years in depositional zones. However, the organic matter-rich sediments of the upstream beaver pond contained substantially higher contaminant concentrations indicating upstream contaminant sources. Modest dragonfly community shifts were noted with a decrease of a more sensitive genus, Erpetogomphus. Relative body mass also decreased between years in Erpetogomphus. Genus- and element-specific patterns of accumulation occurred among study biota. Overall, increased concentrations between years were evident. Biota concentrations increased at lower rates than in sediment. This work illustrates the dynamic nature of stream systems and the value of watershed scale evaluations.

Paul Stankus (Primary Presenter/Author), Savannah River Ecology Laboratory-University of Georgia, stankus@srel.uga.edu;


Angela Lindell ( Co-Presenter/Co-Author), Savannah River Ecology Laboratory-University of Georgia, lindell@srel.uga.edu;


J.C. Seaman ( Co-Presenter/Co-Author), Savannah River Ecology Laboratory-University of Georgia, seaman@srel.uga.edu;


J.V. McArthur ( Co-Presenter/Co-Author), Savannah River Ecology Laboratory-University of Georgia, mcarthur@srel.uga.edu;


Dean Fletcher ( Co-Presenter/Co-Author), Savannah River Ecology Laboratory-University of Georgia, fletcher@srel.uga.edu;

6/7/2017  |   13:30 - 16:00   |  Ballroom C

EFFECTS OF INDUSTRIAL ACTIVITY ON TRACE ELEMENT ACCUMULATION, COMMUNITY COMPOSITION, AND POPULATION STRUCTURE OF DRAGONFLY NYMPHS IN COASTAL PLAIN STREAMS We compared 2 reference streams to 3 streams receiving varying amounts of stormwater runoff and industrial effluents using 7 genera of dragonfly nymphs as biomonitors of contaminants entering the aquatic food web and impacts of excessive stormwater runoff. Dragonfly nymph generic richness and diversity were diminished in the two most scoured streams as more sensitive species were missing and others were reduced in relative abundance. Life history differences between disturbed and reference streams also included some cohorts missing or poorly represented in size frequency analyses. Additionally, length-weight relationships differed between disturbed and reference streams in some genera. Variation in trace element accumulation among genera clearly exceeded variation within genera, suggesting genus to be a reasonable taxonomic level for both spatial and taxonomic comparisons. Patterns of trace element accumulation in biota tended to be element- and taxon-dependent, but patterns of elements frequently accumulating to higher concentrations in the disturbed sites were evident. Overall, dragonfly nymph community and population structures were altered in the two most scoured streams and several trace elements accumulated to higher levels in all three disturbed systems.

Danielle Pitt (Primary Presenter/Author), Savannah River Ecology Laboratory-University of Georgia, dbpitt@uga.edu;


Angela Lindell ( Co-Presenter/Co-Author), Savannah River Ecology Laboratory-University of Georgia, lindell@srel.uga.edu;


J.C. Seaman ( Co-Presenter/Co-Author), Savannah River Ecology Laboratory-University of Georgia, seaman@srel.uga.edu;


Paul Stankus ( Co-Presenter/Co-Author), Savannah River Ecology Laboratory-University of Georgia, stankus@srel.uga.edu;


J.V. McArthur ( Co-Presenter/Co-Author), Savannah River Ecology Laboratory-University of Georgia, mcarthur@srel.uga.edu;


Dean Fletcher ( Co-Presenter/Co-Author), Savannah River Ecology Laboratory-University of Georgia, fletcher@srel.uga.edu;

6/7/2017  |   13:30 - 16:00   |  Ballroom C

Evaluation of LAS toxicity with Chironomus xanthus: focusing in real laundry wastewater Linear Alkybenzene Sulfonate (LAS) is the most used anionic surfactant in laundries and it is present in domestic and industrial wastewaters. Although LAS is biodegradable, its long carbon chain is toxic to aquatic environment. Therefore, this study evaluated the toxicity of different standard LAS concentrations in aquatic insect larvae (Chironomus xanthus) under controlled conditions. Acute (96 hours) and chronic (192 hours) toxicity tests were performed in 250 mL of LAS dilution with 50 g of sterilized sediment with six C. xanthus larvae, in three replicates. The chosen LAS dilution were: 5 mg/L, 10 mg/L, 15 mg/L, 20 mg/L, 25 mg/L, 30 mg/L, 35 mg/L and 50 mg/L. As a result, we found a LC50 of 25.90 and 18.25 mg/L of LAS in the acute and chronic test respectively. From these results, we began to evaluate the toxicity of real laundry wastewater. Preliminary assays show that there was a reduction in contamination of real laundry effluent with fluidized bed reactor treatment. In summary, we expect to confirm the reduction of toxicity for the aquatic environment with the reactor treatment.

Mayara Felipe (Primary Presenter/Author), University of São Paulo, mayarafelipe@usp.br;


Juliano Corbi ( Co-Presenter/Co-Author), University of São Paulo, julianocorbi@usp,br;


Maria Bernadete Varesche Silva ( Co-Presenter/Co-Author), University of São Paulo, varesche@usp.br;


Thaís Macedo Carmelo ( Co-Presenter/Co-Author), University of São Paulo, thazmacedo@gmail.com;

6/7/2017  |   13:30 - 16:00   |  Ballroom C

IMPACTS OF PARTICULATE MATTER (PM2.5) ON THE BEHAVIOR OF FRESHWATER SNAIL PARAFOSSARULUS STRIATULUS Fine particulate (PM2.5) is a severe problem of air pollution. Although PM2.5 effects on human health were examined, the understanding of PM2.5 influence on aquatic organisms is limited. PM2.5 through wet deposition can enter aquatic ecosystems and affect aquatic organisms. This study tested the hypothesis that PM2.5 will negatively affect the behavior of freshwater snail Parafossarulus striatulus (Benson, 1842). Along with PM2.5, a number of components (Al, Pb, and Zn) that are commonly present in PM2.5 were also tested for their effects on snail behavior. The snail behavior was scored using the Behavioral State Score (BSS), ranging from 0 (no movement) to 5 (active locomotion and fully extended body). The result shows that a high PM2.5 concentration dose (7.75mg/L) induced a significant decrease in snails’ movement behavior, and such reduced movement behavior was also observed for treatments with chemical components related to PM2.5, including aluminum and acidity (pH5.0). At a low concentration dose of PM2.5 (3.88mg/L), lead, and zinc do not significantly affect snails’ behavior. The results suggest that high PM2.5 deposition in water bodies, associated with acidification and some metals, can have an adverse effect on aquatic organisms.

Danny Hartono ( Co-Presenter/Co-Author), Xi’an Jiaotong Liverpool University, Danny.Hartono12@student.xjtlu.edu.cn;


Billion Lioe ( Co-Presenter/Co-Author), Xi’an Jiaotong Liverpool University, Billion.Lioe12@student.xjtlu.edu.cn;


Yixin Zhang (POC,Primary Presenter), Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University, yixin.zhang@xjtlu.edu.cn;


Bailiang Li ( Co-Presenter/Co-Author), Xi’an Jiaotong Liverpool University, Bailiang.Li@xjtlu.edu.cn;


Jianzhen Yu ( Co-Presenter/Co-Author), Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, chjianyu@ust.hk;

6/7/2017  |   13:30 - 16:00   |  Ballroom C

SUITABILITY OF A PUERTO RICAN CHIRONOMINI AS MODEL ORGANISM FOR FRESHWATER BIOASSAYS Different freshwater organisms have been identified by the EPA as potential models for bioassays and ecotoxicological analyses. The majority of these organisms do not have a practical use as indicators outside their geographic area (e.g., continental United States). This represents a problem for locations like Puerto Rico, where few of the EPA recommended freshwater organisms are natively present. Previous efforts on the island have been centered in developing model organisms for laboratory testing, but focusing in brackish environments. Currently, we lack a native model organism for freshwater ecosystems. Here, our aim is to evaluate the suitability of a native Chironomini species as model organism for assessing the effects of contaminants on freshwater ecosystems. To achieve this, we isolated a single population under controlled laboratory conditions. The original population was obtained from egg masses collected in the field. Our study indicates that the species is easy to manage in the laboratory and has a rapid life cycle. Therefore, this chironomid has the suitable characteristics to be used as model organism for bioassays and ecotoxicological studies in freshwater environments in Puerto Rico.

Roberto Reyes-Maldonado (Primary Presenter/Author), University of Puerto Rico, Rio Piedras, robertoomaldo@gmail.com;


Alonso Ramírez ( Co-Presenter/Co-Author), North Carolina State University, alonso.ramirez@ncsu.edu;

6/7/2017  |   13:30 - 16:00   |  Ballroom C

THE EFFECTS OF VENLAFAXINE ON FATHEAD MINNOW (PIMEPHALES PROMELAS) FEEDING BEHAVIOR AND STARTLE RESPONSE Venlafaxine is an antidepressant drug commonly found in stream ecosystems. It is introduced to the environment through incomplete water treatment, but many aspects of its impact on aquatic life remain unclear. We hypothesized that the pharmaceutical venlafaxine reduces feeding and startle response behaviors in fathead minnows (Pimephales promelas). Our experiment consisted of a double blind test of four dosage levels and a control (n=7 tanks per treatment). The two lowest dose concentrations were similar to those observed in the environment. Fish were observed before and during feeding 2-3 times a week for five weeks. Behavior was assessed by recording startle response to a flashlight, and feeding by recording activity within 30 seconds of food being introduced to the tank. Results showed a 3-fold increase in proportion not feeding relative to the control and lowest dosage (Friedman’s test, p<0.001). Also, the proportion not startled roughly doubled in the two highest treatments (p<0.001). Our findings suggest that fish in streams with high concentrations of venlafaxine may exhibit changes in feeding behavior and, to a lesser extent, response to stimuli.

Morgan Eytcheson (Primary Presenter/Author, Co-Presenter/Co-Author), Indiana University of Pennsylvania , chwt@iup.edu;


Sean Becker ( Co-Presenter/Co-Author), Indiana University of Pennsylvania , yyrv@iup.edu;


David J. Janetski ( Co-Presenter/Co-Author), Indiana University of Pennsylvania, janetski@iup.edu;

6/7/2017  |   13:30 - 16:00   |  Ballroom C

TINY TOXIN, SNAIL SURPLUS: THE CONSEQUENCES OF NANOPESTICIDE EXPOSURE The use of nanoagrochemicals is becoming common in agriculture. However, runoff can cause these pesticides to enter aquatic environments where their impacts are not well characterized. This study looked at the effects of a copper nanoparticle pesticide on two freshwater snail species, Lymnaea and Physella in a long-term wetland mesocosm experiment. After weekly exposure for nine months at low concentrations (35 mg/week) total snail abundance was assessed and an in vitro laboratory study was conducted to see if the copper nanopesticide interfered with the reproduction process. Egg clutches were collected from the mesocosms and hatching success was examined under controlled conditions. Compared to the controls, we found that total snail abundance was 2.8 times higher (P=0.03), egg clutch weight was significantly decreased (-51%, P<0.001), while the number of embryos and hatching success did not vary. These results suggest that copper nanopesticide exposure can stimulate the reproduction process but not directly interfere with hatching success despite a strong reduction in clutch weight.

Christina Bergemann (Primary Presenter/Author), Duke University, cmbergemann@gmail.com;


Brittany Perrotta ( Co-Presenter/Co-Author), Baylor University, bperrotta16@gmail.com;


Marie Simonin ( Co-Presenter/Co-Author), Duke University, simonin.marie@gmail.com;


Ryan S. King ( Co-Presenter/Co-Author), Baylor University, Ryan_S_King@baylor.edu;


Emily Bernhardt ( Co-Presenter/Co-Author), Duke University, ebernhar@duke.edu;

6/7/2017  |   13:30 - 16:00   |  Ballroom C

FLOW RECESSION AND STREAM FLOW INTERMITTENCY DOMINATE ORGANIC CARBON CHEMISTRY IN A HEADWATER MOUNTAIN STREAM The objective of this research is to understand how flow recession and stream flow intermittency influence the transport and transformation of dissolved organic carbon (DOC). We hypothesized that as flow decreases and intermittency increases, the dominant scale controlling the quantity and quality of DOC in the stream will shift from catchment scale processes (i.e. hillslope/riparian connectivity, lateral inputs) to local valley-bottom, surface water-groundwater exchange processes. In the summer of 2016, we collected monthly samples every 10 meters along a 500-meter mountainous reach in Oregon. Stream surface flow transitioned from continuous to intermittent over the summer, with 18% of the study reach dry in August. Across the three sampling events, mean DOC concentration increased from 1.09 to 2.06 mg L-1, and coefficient of variance of DOC concentration also increased. The correlation between upslope accumulation area and DOC concentration (used to assess catchment controls) weakened as flow decreased and was weakest during intermittent conditions. This study suggests that stream intermittency significantly impacts the governing spatial scale controls of DOC processing, leading to a shift from catchment scale to local scale control over DOC.

Stephen Plont (POC,Primary Presenter), Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Michigan State University, USA, plontste@msu.edu;


Jay Zarnetske ( Co-Presenter/Co-Author), Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Michigan State University, jpz@msu.edu;


Adam Ward ( Co-Presenter/Co-Author), Indiana University, adamward@indiana.edu;


Noah Schmadel ( Co-Presenter/Co-Author), Indiana University, noahschm@indiana.edu;

6/7/2017  |   13:30 - 16:00   |  Ballroom C

GHOST FOREST RISING: A HYPERSPECTRAL APPROACH TO ASSESSING VEGETATION HEALTH AND TREE DIE-OFF IN RESPONSE TO SALTWATER INTRUSION IN A COASTAL ENVIRONMENT Saltwater intrusion is a natural occurrence that can affect the quality of groundwater and surface water. It can also affect the health of vegetation that depends on fresh water. Our study took place on the Albemarle-Pamlico Peninsula (APP), where we studied the effects of saltwater on vegetation with focus on loblolly pine trees (Pinus taeda). We investigated the health of pine trees in this region to explore potential links between saltwater intrusion and die-off, particularly where artificial ditches and canals allow saltwater to flow deep into the interior of the peninsula. Using a spectroradiometer, we collected hyperspectral reflectance data in visible and near infrared wavebands from more than 100 canopy and leaf samples across the APP. We accompanied these measurements with measurements of tree height and circumference, distances from nearby waterways, and specific conductance measurements (as a salinity proxy) of these waters. We used reflectance spectra to calculate the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index, the Red-Green Index, and site-specific indices to determine the health of particular trees. Using this information in conjunction with ancillary data, we explored the correlations between the health of vegetation and the salinity of nearby water sources.

Lizzie Lightning (Primary Presenter/Author), Northeastern State University, lightnin@nsuok.edu;


Theo Jass ( Co-Presenter/Co-Author), NC State University, tljass@ncsu.edu;


Alexander McGirt ( Co-Presenter/Co-Author), UNC Charlotte, alexandermcgirt@yahoo.com;


Ryan E. Emanuel ( Co-Presenter/Co-Author), NC State University, reemanue@ncsu.edu;

6/7/2017  |   13:30 - 16:00   |  Ballroom C

HYDROLOGIC RESIDENCE TIME CONTROLS THE FATE OF CARBON AND NITROGEN AT A LAKE-GROUNDWATER INTERFACE Groundwater-surface-water (GW-SW) interfaces are important regulators of biogeochemical processes. In lakes with highly permeable sediments, GW-SW exchange can control lake-level influx and removal of compounds such as nitrate, a common pollutant in lakes and groundwater. To test how hydrologic conditions at the GW-SW interface influence nitrate uptake, we conducted a series of experiments varying hydrologic residence time in down-welling lakebed sediments of a lake on Cape Cod, MA. We added isotopically-labelled 15N-nitrate to distinguish uptake from denitrification, quantifying the 15N of nitrate, nitrite, dinitrogen gas, and nitrous oxide. We additionally added acetate, a labile carbon compound, to test for carbon limitation. We found that acetate addition triggered the GW-SW interface at the lake bed to switch from net production to net removal of nitrate. Together with increased residence time from experimental decreases of down-welling, this resulted in a 20-fold increase in denitrification. We conclude that lake hydrologic conditions at the GW-SW interface control nitrate removal. Because lakebed water exchange is driven by seasonal variations in lake and groundwater stage, this provides a robust tool for temporal scaling of nitrate dynamics.

Tyler Hampton (Primary Presenter/Author), Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Michigan State University, USA, thampton@msu.edu;


Jay Zarnetske ( Co-Presenter/Co-Author), Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Michigan State University, jpz@msu.edu;


Martin Briggs ( Co-Presenter/Co-Author), U. S. Geological Survey, Hydrogeophysics Branch, Storrs, Connecticut, USA, mbriggs@usgs.gov;


Kamini Singha ( Co-Presenter/Co-Author), Department of Geology and Geological Engineering, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO, USA, ksingha@mines.edu;


Jud Harvey ( Co-Presenter/Co-Author), U. S. Geological Survey, National Research Program, Reston, VA, USA, jwharvey@usgs.gov;


Fred Day-Lewis ( Co-Presenter/Co-Author), U. S. Geological Survey, Hydrogeophysics Branch, Storrs, Connecticut, USA, daylewis@usgs.gov;


John Lane ( Co-Presenter/Co-Author), U. S. Geological Survey, Hydrogeophysics Branch, Storrs, Connecticut, USA, jwlane@usgs.gov;

6/7/2017  |   13:30 - 16:00   |  Ballroom C

PREDICTING WARMING EFFECTS ON LITTER BREAKDOWN RATES USING FORESTED AND URBAN STREAMS Land use and climate change are predicted to increase stream water temperatures. Stream warming is predicted to accelerate processing rates of terrestrially-derived detritus which may negatively affect stream life as plant matter is critical for organism production. However, several confounding factors such as variation in shredder biomass, microbial shifts, or water quality impairment could cause carbon processing rates to deviate from predictions based on metabolic theory. To quantify the effect of water temperature on leaf breakdown rates, we incubated Acer rubrum and Rhododendron maximum leaves for six-week periods in 12 forested sites along a temperature gradient in the Southern Appalachians and 4 urban sites in the GA Piedmont. Breakdown rates in forested streams were negatively related to temperature (slope, marginally (p=0.07) significant). The two litter species, which represent labile vs. recalcitrant carbon sources, responded similarly. Our results indicate the importance of establishing empirical relationships with temperature and biological response over a range of conditions.

Garrett Frandson (Primary Presenter/Author), University of Missouri, gfdh4@umsystem.edu;


Amy Rosemond ( Co-Presenter/Co-Author), University of Georgia, rosemond@uga.edu;


Phillip Bumpers ( Co-Presenter/Co-Author), University of Georgia, bumpersp@gmail.com;

6/7/2017  |   13:30 - 16:00   |  Ballroom C

Reducing redundancy among flow metrics in support of flow-ecology modeling in the Cape Fear and Pee Dee/Yadkin river basins Flow-ecology relations are being investigated in the Cape Fear and Pee Dee/Yadkin river basins in North and South Carolina as part of the USGS’s Water Smart program. State fish and invertebrate bioassessment data are being combined with modeled (SWAT) daily flow data as a means of projecting responses (flow and biological) to climate change and evaluating possible flow criteria. Flow metrics are calculated from modeled flows using the USGS’s EflowStats R-package which calculates 198 metrics encompassing flow magnitude, duration, timing, frequency, and rate of change. Many of these metrics are highly correlated, therefore, it is necessary to reduce these flow metrics to a more manageable and less redundant set of metrics prior to modeling flow-ecology relations. A combination of literature review, correlation, principle component analysis, and local stake holder input was used to reduce the number of metrics from 189 to 30 metrics minimally redundant metrics that represent the five major components of flow. These assessments will assist in building models that help local water resource managers plan for future scenarios of water use and availability.

Jason May (Primary Presenter/Author), U.S. Geological Survey, California Water Science Center, jasonmay@usgs.gov;


Jonathan Kennen ( Co-Presenter/Co-Author), U.S. Geological Survey, New Jersey Water Science Center, 3450 Princeton Pike, Suite 110, Lawrenceville, NJ 08648, jgkennen@usgs.gov;


Thomas Cuffney ( Co-Presenter/Co-Author), U.S. Geological Survey, South Atlantic Water Science Center, 3916 Sunset Ridge Rd., Raleigh, NC 27607, tcuffney@usgs.gov;

6/7/2017  |   13:30 - 16:00   |  Ballroom C

SPATIALLY-EXTENSIVE SAMPLING REVEALS CONSISTENT HYPORHEIC-ZONE EFFECTS ON DISSOLVED ORGANIC MATTER QUANTITY AND QUALITY AT THE WATERSHED SCALE. Dissolved organic matter (DOM) regulates energy flow, nutrient cycling, and water quality in surface waters. As DOM passes through directional stream networks, the stream-groundwater interface, known as the hyporheic zone (HZ), exerts a strong effect on DOM quantity (i.e., concentration) and quality (e.g., aromaticity, molecular weight). Because of methodological challenges of sampling the HZ, most of our current understanding of DOM dynamics in the HZ is based on site-level studies, and it is unknown how land use and land cover influence HZ DOM processing at larger spatial scales. In this study, we performed large-scale, high-resolution HZ sampling to test how landscape patterns influenced DOM quantity and quality at 39 sites throughout a third-order watershed with diverse land patterns, encompassing first-, second-, and third-order locations. We found a strong correlation between land use and surface water DOM quantity and quality, but this relationship broke down with HZ depth. This homogenization of sub-surface DOM quantity and quality indicates common HZ functioning across spatial scales, providing a potential pathway for scaling HZ functioning determined at the site level to the watershed level.

Joseph Lee-Cullin (Primary Presenter/Author), Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Michigan State University, USA, cullinjo@msu.edu;


Jay Zarnetske ( Co-Presenter/Co-Author), Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Michigan State University, jpz@msu.edu;


Evan Wiewiora ( Co-Presenter/Co-Author), Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Michigan State University, USA, wiewiora@msu.edu;


Benjamin Abbott ( Co-Presenter/Co-Author), Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Michigan State University, USA, benabbo@gmail.com;


Sydney Ruhala ( Co-Presenter/Co-Author), Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Michigan State University, USA, ruhalasy@msu.edu;


Tyler Hampton ( Co-Presenter/Co-Author), Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Michigan State University, USA, thampton@msu.edu;

6/7/2017  |   13:30 - 16:00   |  Ballroom C

THE EFFECTS OF HIGH FLOW RATES ON HEXAGENIA LIMBATA (EPHERMEROPTERA: EPHEMERIDAE) AND THEIR BURROWS Hexagenia is one of the most studied genera of Ephemeroptera, yet no study has examined the effects stream flowrates have on H. limbata. It is possible that climate change, increasing impervious surfaces in urban areas, deforestation, and other factors will affect surface water flowrates. This study is investigating the effects of higher flowrates on the burrow structure of H. limbata. In order to do so, multiple thin-spaced chambers were constructed with different flowrate regimes. The chambers allow for continuous view of the nymphs and burrows. Nymphs with head widths X.X-X.X mm were observed in sediment of no more than 1 mm, water temperature 22-27C, and under flow rates of 0, 1, and 2 m/min. Differences in the lengths, depths, and loop complexity of burrows under the different flowrates will be reported. This study also examined whether the thin-spaced chamber method altered the burrowing structures, as suggested by previous research.

Nicholas Addison (Primary Presenter/Author), Clemson University, naddiso@g.clemson.edu;


John C. Morse ( Co-Presenter/Co-Author), Clemson University, jmorse@clemson.edu;

6/7/2017  |   13:30 - 16:00   |  Ballroom C

IMPACTS OF STREAM RESTORATION ON THERMAL AND ECOLOGICAL CONDITIONS IN COW CREEK (STILLWATER, OKLAHOMA) Stream restoration improves riparian and instream habitats to increase biodiversity and stabilize channel morphology. Cow Creek, a third order stream located in Stillwater, OK underwent restoration in 2012, drastically decreasing riparian canopy cover. This study evaluated spatial and temporal changes between three sections of the stream: upstream unrestored, restored, and downstream unrestored. Riparian cover and water temperature data from 2015 and 2016 were analyzed for temporal changes. In 2016, stream water chemistry, canopy coverage and algal production (e.g., Chl a) were analyzed for spatial variation between sites. Preliminary analyses indicated that there were significant differences in canopy coverage (P<0.01) and water temperature (P=0.02) between 2015 and 2016. In addition, each site displayed significantly different water temperatures (P<0.01), but there were no significant shifts in water temperature between 2015 and 2016. Spatially, Site 1 (upstream unrestored) had lower Chl a concentrations which may be related to high riparian canopy coverage (76%). Canopy coverage decreased and water temperature increased downstream through the restored and unrestored stream segments.

Paige Kleindl (Primary Presenter/Author), Annis Water Resources Institute-Grand Valley State University, kleindlp@mail.gvsu.edu;


Christopher Crown ( Co-Presenter/Co-Author), Illinois Wesleyan University, ccrown@iwu.edu ;


Elaine Stebler ( Co-Presenter/Co-Author), Oklahoma State University, elaine.stebler@okstate.edu ;


Andy Dzialowski ( Co-Presenter/Co-Author), Oklahoma State University, andy.dzialowski@okstate.edu ;


Leslie Riley ( Co-Presenter/Co-Author), Ohio Northern University, l-riley.1@onu.edu;


Robert Verb ( Co-Presenter/Co-Author), Ohio Northern University, r-verb@onu.edu;


Chris Zou ( Co-Presenter/Co-Author), Oklahoma State University, chris.zou@okstate.edu ;

6/7/2017  |   13:30 - 16:00   |  Ballroom C

Measuring Water Quality Impact of a Coastal Plain Stream Restoration during Construction Across the continental United States, more than $1 billion per year has been spent on restoring rivers and streams since 1990. Although financial investment has been considerable, there is a lack of data to determine success or failure of restorations. Only 4% of projects investigate pre-restoration conditions for comparison after restoration. Even fewer projects have monitored the impact of construction activities on water quality. In conjunction with pre-restoration and post-restoration data. Results of continuous, high-resolution water quality monitoring of the construction phase of a southeastern coastal plain stream restoration in an agricultural watershed will be presented. Nutrient dynamics for nitrogen, phosphorus, and suspended solids will be discussed for baseflow conditions and storm events. Cumulative loading during the construction phase will be compared to pre-restoration conditions. The perceived impact on water quality of restoration activities will be presented.

Danielle Winter (Primary Presenter/Author), North Carolina State University , dewinter@ncsu.edu;

6/7/2017  |   13:30 - 16:00   |  Ballroom C

ON SITE EVIDENCE OF GRASSES, SHRUBS AND TREES IN REDUCING FLOW VELOCITY NEAR RIVERBANKS There is lack of sufficient understanding on the complex interaction of vegetation with river flow velocity under field condition. A field experiment was undertaken in an open earth channel by diverting a river in Southwest Ethiopia, Jimma area, 380 km from Addis Ababa. Six plant species were installed in the open channel and 3D velocities were measured within the vegetation and bare treatments by using 10 MHz Acoustic Doppler Velocimeter (ADV). The results revealed that vegetation increased secondary flow significantly compared with the bare treatment. For instance, the percentage of depth averaged free stream lateral velocity (Vy) relative to free streamwise velocity (Vx) was 29.3% in the grass, 44% in the leafy tree branches and 18.9% in the bare treatment. Likewise, the percentage of average free stream vertical velocity (Vz) relative to free stream Vx was 29% in the grass, 3.5% in the tree branches, 11.55% in the shrub, 6.8% in the bare and 2.8% in the leafless-branchless stems. Flexible vegetation such as grasses, leafy tree branches and shrubs can effectively minimize riverbank erosion in-situ and siltation ex-situ compared with rigid stems and non-vegetated channels.

Ayalew Legass (Primary Presenter/Author), KU Leuven, ayalewtalema@yahoo.com;


Moise Ndekezi ( Co-Presenter/Co-Author), University of Rwanda, 2. Department of Civil, Environmental and Geomatic Engineering, mosnde433@gmail.com;


Jean Poesen ( Co-Presenter/Co-Author), KU Leuven, Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, jean.poesen@ees.kuleuven.be;


Bart Muys ( Co-Presenter/Co-Author), KU Leuven, Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, bart.muys@ees.kuleuven.be;


Jan Diels ( Co-Presenter/Co-Author), KU Leuven, jan.diels@ees.kuleuven.be;

6/7/2017  |   13:30 - 16:00   |  Ballroom C

ANALYSIS OF INCREASING TAXA TRENDS OF LONG-TERM DATA COLLECTED IN MINING IMPACTED STREAMS Very few studies have been conducted using consistent long-term data of benthic macroinvertebrate communities. Long-term annual monitoring of sites in Colorado and Idaho by GEI Consultants, Inc. have yielded similar increasing trends in the number of taxa collected both upstream and downstream of mining activities. A preliminary evaluation of the data from four streams, three in Idaho and one in Colorado, suggested that there was no single contributing factor for these trends and further in-depth analysis was required. In order to focus on determining the potential factors contributing to the increasing trends observed, we analyzed taxonomic name changes over the years, as well as a variety of macroinvertebrate metrics to determine if any other trends were observable.

Jennifer Shanteau (Primary Presenter/Author), GEI Consultants, Inc., jshanteau@geiconsultants.com;


Jeniffer Lynch ( Co-Presenter/Co-Author), GEI Consultants, Inc., jlynch@geiconsultants.com;

6/7/2017  |   13:30 - 16:00   |  Ballroom C

ASSESSMENT OF BENTHIC MACROINVERTEBRATE PASSIVE SAMPLERS FOR SOUTHEASTERN COASTAL PLAIN NON-WADEABLE STREAMS Macroinvertebrates are widely used for bioassessment, however a standardized method for sampling in non-wadeable streams has not been developed in Georgia. This study was conducted to determine the effectiveness and biases of three types of passive sampling devices within the Savannah and Ogeechee Rivers of the Southeastern Coastal Plain Ecoregion. We deployed three replicates of leaf packs, snag bags, and Hester-Dendy samplers at six sites for ~30d during the fall of 2014 to assess for differences in macroinvertebrate community structure between sampling devices. In addition, we used common bioassessment metrics to evaluate for differences in scores between sampling devices. Macroinvertebrate assemblages colonizing the sampling devices differed (PERMANOVA, F14,37 =1.6078 P=0.001) however, analyses revealed that these differences were driven by varying contributions of individual groups with each sampler collecting almost identical taxa at each site. Results also showed no significant differences between common metrics. Therefore, all samplers provided an efficient means for collecting site specific macroinvertebrates, however Hester-Dendy samplers provided a standard sampling surface for the calculation of biomass.

Kelsey Laymon (Primary Presenter/Author), Georgia Southern University, kelsey.laymon@icloud.com;


Damon Mullis ( Co-Presenter/Co-Author), Ogeechee Riverkeeper, damon@ogeecheeriverkeeper.org ;


Oscar Flite ( Co-Presenter/Co-Author), Phinizy Center for Water Sciences, oscar.flite@phinizycenter.org;


Checo Colon-Gaud ( Co-Presenter/Co-Author), Georgia Southern University, jccolongaud@georgiasouthern.edu;

6/7/2017  |   13:30 - 16:00   |  Ballroom C

BIOMONITORING: DALLAS/FORT WORTH INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT- RELATING LAND USE TO AQUATIC LIFE USE The Dallas/Fort Worth International (DFW) Airport is located in a densely urbanized area with one of the fastest growing populations in the U.S.A. The airport is unique in that it has the second largest land area in North America, which includes a large tract of “protected” riparian forest that is unique to the urban surroundings. Beginning in 2002 and continuing in 2005, 2008 and 2014 the DFW Airport sponsored biomonitoring surveys. The objective of these studies was to identify the major human activities, within the watershed surrounding the airport, that could potentially affect water quality. The surveys, conducted under normal flows and flows associated with supra-seasonal drought, included measurements of physicochemical parameters, habitat quality, geospatial variables, and benthic macroinvertebrate populations in the surrounding sub-watersheds. Collectively these variables, measured over several years, have allowed us to sufficiently differentiate some natural changes observed in the benthic community structure from those caused by land-use. This has enabled us to suggest improved conservation practices designed to mitigate impacts to the watershed and generate testable hypotheses for future studies.

Megann Harlow (Primary Presenter/Author), Univeristy of North Texas, megannharlow@my.unt.edu;


Bethany Hudson ( Co-Presenter/Co-Author), Univeristy of North Texas, bethanystuck@my.unt.edu;

6/7/2017  |   13:30 - 16:00   |  Ballroom C

CAN RIPARIAN HABITAT IMPACT WATER CHEMISTRY AND MACROINVERBRATE COMMUNITY STRUCTURE IN SMALL BLACKWATER CREEKS? Streams depend on the surrounding valley for energetic subsidies and to set the stage for physicochemical conditions. Alterations to the surrounding riparian and adjacent upstream/downstream areas can ultimately result in changes to biological communities. As part of an undergraduate study in Fall 2016, we sampled the benthic macroinvertebrate communities of two creeks in southeastern Georgia, one with a relatively unaltered riparian buffer (Lotts Creek) and one with a highly impacted riparian area that has been almost entirely removed (Beautiful Eagle Creek). Our goal was to compare the sampled assemblages using a multi-metric approach (richness, composition, tolerance, etc.), along with point measurements of water chemistry parameters, in order to assess the health and ecological integrity of each creek. We predicted that Lotts Creek (> riparian buffer) would yield a more diverse macroinvertebrate assemblage, have more sensitive taxa present, and produce a higher multi-metric score (MMI) when compared to Beautiful Eagle Creek. As expected, we found differences in water chemistry (e.g., DO) and macroinvertebrate assemblages (e.g., EPT, MMI) between the creeks. However, some metrics (e.g., HBI) yielded similar scores despite these differences.

Candace Moon (Primary Presenter/Author), Georgia Southern University , cm08244@georgiasouthern.edu;


Aubrie Goodson ( Co-Presenter/Co-Author), Georgia Southern University , ag06713@georgiasouthern.edu;


Ashley Deal ( Co-Presenter/Co-Author), Georgia Southern University , ad04250@georgiasouthern.edu;


Checo Colon-Gaud ( Co-Presenter/Co-Author), Georgia Southern University, jccolongaud@georgiasouthern.edu;

6/7/2017  |   13:30 - 16:00   |  Ballroom C

DEVELOPMENT OF A RICHNESS- AND TRAITS-BASED MACROINVERTEBRATE MMI USING A MULTI-STATE DATASET IN THE OHIO RIVER BASIN Individual state assessments of stream quality are limited in their application across borders; therefore, several agencies have pushed for the development of bioassessments that transcend political jurisdictions. Thus, the goal of this study was to develop an Ohio River basin stream macroinvertebrate index (ORBMI) that transcends state boundaries and uniformly categorizes impaired and non-impaired sites, despite variation in collection methods. Data for index calibration and validation were obtained from 10 states within the basin and collected between 2003 and 2012. Impaired and non-impaired stream sites were originally determined from each state’s final index results. Fifty-two richness-based metrics comprised of richness, composition, habit, functional feeding group, and diversity measures were evaluated for inclusion in the new basin index. Eight metrics discriminated between impaired and non-impaired stream sites. Individual metric scores were calculated using a percentage of standard method and averaged to give an overall ORBMI score per site. The proportion of impaired and non-impaired sites categorized by the states and the ORBMI was not significantly different. This new ORBMI can be used as a tool to uniformly assess water quality using a hydrologically connected ecosystem across state lines.

Jamie Lau (Primary Presenter/Author), Radford University, jlau@radford.edu;

6/7/2017  |   13:30 - 16:00   |  Ballroom C

DIVERSITY OF AQUATIC OLIGOCHAETA (ANNELIDA: CLITELLATA) ON LAKE CUNIÃ, BRAZILIAN AMAZON Oligochaeta is one of the most common and abundant taxon in continental aquatic fauna. Thus, the aim of this study was to develop an inventory of aquatic oligochaetes in the Extractive Reserve of Lake Cuniã, State of Rondônia, Brazil. Collections of data were performed during the dry (August 2015) and rainy seasons (February 2016). The sediment samples were collected near the lakeside region using the kick sampling method and a kick-net sampler (mesh size of 0.25mm). This paper provides a catalog with 12 taxon from a total of 383 specimens, distributed into two families: Naididae (95%) and Opistocystidae (5%). Into naidids, the Pristininae subfamily was the most significant (85%), followed by subfamilies Naidinae (8%), Tubificinae (1%) and Rhyacondrilinae (1%). In addition, some species such as Allonais inaequalis, Aulophorus furcatus, Dero nivea, Pristina synclites, Pristina menoni and Opistocysta serrata, were recorded for the first time in the Brazilian Amazon region. Therefore, the results of this study contribute to increase knowledge on the distribution of the Oligochaeta class in Brazil, particularly in the North of the country, which is so extensive and rich in water resources, but not extensively studied.

Guilherme Gorni (Primary Presenter/Author), São Paulo University - USP, grgorni@gmail.com;


Diego Gomes ( Co-Presenter/Co-Author), Araraquara University - UNIARA, diego.frgomes@gmail.com;


Nathalie Sanches ( Co-Presenter/Co-Author), Araraquara University - UNIARA, nathalie_sanches@hotmail.com;


Lucas Sahm ( Co-Presenter/Co-Author), Araraquara University - UNIARA, sahm.lucas@gmail.com;


Juliano Corbi ( Co-Presenter/Co-Author), University of São Paulo, julianocorbi@usp.br;


Vanessa Colombo-Corbi ( Co-Presenter/Co-Author), University of Araraquara - UNIARA, vanessacolombo25@yahoo.com.br;

6/7/2017  |   13:30 - 16:00   |  Ballroom C

Is standard Maxent model over-fitted? A test based on simulation Understanding the distribution of species in relation to environment and human disturbance is critical for basic ecology and biodiversity conservation. Maxent is commonly used to model species distribution based on presence-only species data and to estimate local species richness. The default value of beta, an key parameter for controlling model complexity is set at 1. It is a general concern whether the default value may lead to model over-fitting. Recent studies have recommended using AICc to select a simpler and better model at a higher beta value. I modeled the distributions of 72 fish species in Illinois stream based on sampling data and landscape-level environmental variables, and took them as the truth, against which the predictions of the default and selected models were assessed. The sensitivity of the selected models increased, but the specificity decreased. Consequently, the overall performance measured with True Statistical Skill changed little. It is true of the similarity between the predicted and true species composition. I concluded that the default Maxent modeling is highly resistant to over-fitting, however, high beta values may be needed to minimize omission errors in modeling endangered species.

Yong Cao (Primary Presenter/Author), Illinois Natural History Survey, University of illinois, yongcao@illinois.edu;

6/7/2017  |   13:30 - 16:00   |  Ballroom C

SIMULIIDAE (DIPTERA) CYTOSPECIES COLLECTED FROM BEDROCK SUBSTRATE STREAMS THROUGHOUT OHIO. Black fly larvae and pupae were collected from first and second order streams with shale bedrock substrates from northeastern Ohio, limestone bedrock substrate streams from southwestern Ohio, and shale bedrock streams from south central Ohio, all within different ecoregions. The sampling occurred from March through June over several seasons; species were identified using cytological methods. Simulium claricentrum (Diptera: Simuliidae), a new state record, was collected in far northeastern Ohio within Ashtabula and Lake Counties. Shale bedrock streams south or west of these two counties did not contain S. claricentrum. Additionally, multiple year sampling of streams containing S. claricentrum did not reveal S. innoxium, which commonly occurs in association with S. claricentrum in Pennsylvania. S. parnassum, a species not previously known to occur in Ohio was collected in a shale bedrock stream in Adams County of southcentral Ohio. Black fly diversity was highest in the northeast shale bedrock streams and the lowest in the limestone bedrock streams. This work is part of an on-going statewide comprehensive cytological survey of Simuliidae in Ohio.

Mike Mendel (Primary Presenter/Author), Cedarville University, mmendel@cedarville.edu;


Peter Adler ( Co-Presenter/Co-Author), Clemson University, padler@clemson.edu;


Gregg Mendel ( Co-Presenter/Co-Author), Cedarville University, gwmendel@cedarville.edu;


Rhonda Mendel ( Co-Presenter/Co-Author), EnviroScience Inc., rmendel@enviroscienceinc.com;

6/7/2017  |   13:30 - 16:00   |  Ballroom C

DRAGONFLY DISTRIBUTION CHANGES MAY INDICATE CLIMATE CHANGE IN NORTH DAKOTA Climate change can be indicated by changes in aquatic organism distributions due to the alteration of water quality, changes in thermal regimes, and habitat alteration. Dragonflies are excellent indicators for aquatic habitat quality because they live in water as larvae and can fly, and therefore migrate, as adults. If conditions don’t suit them, they can move to more habitable conditions. The goal of this project is to establish a baseline distribution of dragonfly species across North Dakota in order to compare to past and future distributions. We have pulled together past data for the state, begun collecting our own adult and larval specimens, and are utilizing a set of voucher collections from bioassessment projects dating back 20 years to pull larval specimens and identify to species. Our data shows at least seven newly recorded species for the state. Whether these new records are due to a lack of previous surveys or they represent new distributions is currently unknown. In the future, we hope to correlate changes in distributions with changes in water quality and climate data.

Hayden Zander (Primary Presenter/Author), Valley City State University, hayden.j.zander@vcsu.edu;


Andre DeLorme ( Co-Presenter/Co-Author), Department of Science, Valley City State University, andre.delorme@vcsu.edu;

6/7/2017  |   13:30 - 16:00   |  Ballroom C

Overwintering strategies of Anax junius in a Minnesota prairie-pothole ecosystem (the common green darner) is one of the most common and widespread species of dragonfly in the United States. Northern either overwinter as aquatic nymphs or migrate south as adults. Temperature is a leading driver of exotherm growth rate and likely plays a major role in determining which overwintering strategy an individual nymph utilizes. Therefore the timing and abundance of fall emergence and migration may be changing as climate extends the length of the northern growing season. This observational study of six different ponds within a restored prairie pothole ecosystem in central Minnesota documents the seasonal nymph population dynamics during 2017. These data, combined with adult phenological observations and experimentally created species temperature response curves will build a broad understanding of how northern are adapting to our changing climate.

Katelyn Johnston ( Co-Presenter/Co-Author), Augsburg College, johnstok@augsburg.edu;


Ami Thompson (Primary Presenter/Author), University of Minnesota, althomps@umn.edu;


Emily Schilling ( Co-Presenter/Co-Author), Augsburg University, schillin@augsburg.edu;

6/7/2017  |   13:30 - 16:00   |  Ballroom C

IMPLEMENTATION OF THE LONGWOOD ENVIRONMENTAL OBSERVATORY (LEO) The Longwood Environmental Observatory (LEO) is a network of environmental sensors that collect data on land, water, and atmospheric processes. Data from the sensors are remotely added to a searchable database for use by students, teachers, researchers, and the public. The network is constructed using Arduino circuit boards that connect the sensors to a wireless network at each site. LEO was designed to provide tool a to communicate high resolution environmental data to professional, student, and citizen scientists. The implementation and construction of the network was completed in collaboration with undergraduate students and therefore has also provided opportunities for students to develop technical experience in computer and environmental science. The LEO web interface, which was also designed and implemented by undergraduate students, allows public access to the data collected by the network. Although the network is not fully operational yet, LEO has already shown the value of interdisciplinary projects that integrate student learning with scientific communication.

Evan Barnes (Primary Presenter/Author), Longwood University, evan.barnes@live.longwood.edu;


Jessica Hoak ( Co-Presenter/Co-Author), Virginia Tech, jessica.hoak@live.longwood.edu;


Jonathan Milisci ( Co-Presenter/Co-Author), Longwood University, jonathan.milisci@live.longwood.edu;


Dina Leech ( Co-Presenter/Co-Author), Longwood University, leechdm@longwood.edu;


Mark Fink ( Co-Presenter/Co-Author), Longwood University, finkml@longwood.edu;


Kathy Gee ( Co-Presenter/Co-Author), Longwood University, geekd@longwood.edu;


Vanessa Gentry ( Co-Presenter/Co-Author), . , job;


Alec Hosterman ( Co-Presenter/Co-Author), Longwood University, hostermanar@longwood.edu;


Chris Labosier ( Co-Presenter/Co-Author), Longwood University, labosiercf@longwood.edu;


Rachel Lombardi ( Co-Presenter/Co-Author), ,, view;


Robert Marmorstein ( Co-Presenter/Co-Author), Longwood University, marmorsteinrm@longwood.edu;


Hunter Plumley ( Co-Presenter/Co-Author), ,, kid;


Kristina Rogers ( Co-Presenter/Co-Author), ,, big;

6/7/2017  |   13:30 - 16:00   |  Ballroom C

EFFECTS OF PRESCRIBED BURNS ON CHIRONOMIDAE (INSECTA:DIPTERA) COMMUNITIES Fires can have detrimental impacts on macroinvertebrate communities by temporarily increasing stream temperature and/or reducing or eliminating cover within the stream riparian area. Here, we attempt to assess the impacts of fire on a subset of the macroinvertebrate community, the chironomids (Diptera: Chironomidae), by analyzing community composition before and after a prescribed burn near Blue Cloud Abbey Stream outside of Marvin, South Dakota, USA. The stream was divided into four sampling reaches: upstream of the burn area, within the burn area, and two sites downstream of the burn. Samples of surface floating Chironomidae pupal exuviae were gathered using a pan and sieve; samples were collected once before and three times after the prescribed burn for a total of thirty-two samples. A total of 380 chironimid pupal exuviae were sorted from sixteen of the samples. Exuviae were stored in 70% ethanol and brought back to the lab for sorting, slide-mounting, and identification. While slide-mounting and identification are still in progress, we anticipate that results will provide new information regarding potential impacts of small scale riparian area burns on the chironomid community.

Tessa Durnin (Primary Presenter/Author), Normandeau Associates, Inc., tdurnin@normandeau.com;


Alyssa Anderson ( Co-Presenter/Co-Author), Southwest Minnesota State University, alyssa.anderson@smsu.edu;
Dr. Alyssa Anderson received her PhD in Entomology from the University of Minnesota in 2012. She is an Associate Professor of Biology at Southwest Minnesota State University, teaching several ecology and zoology-themed courses. Anderson’s primary research interests include studying life-history and ecological importance of winter-active insects, especially Chironomidae, as well as Chironomidae taxonomy and systematics.

6/7/2017  |   13:30 - 16:00   |  Ballroom C

MACROINVERTEBRATE RECOVERY RATES FROM SIMULATED STREAMBED DISTURBANCE ACROSS A GRADIENT OF ACID MINE DRAINAGE IMPAIRMENT In Appalachia, acid mine drainage (AMD) causes stressful conditions for stream biota, including elevated dissolved metal concentration and low pH. Macroinvertebrates in AMD impaired streams are strongly structured by the conditions, which result in low diversity and mostly tolerant taxa; these impaired streams may respond differently to additional stressors such as large flooding events which cause streambed disturbance. We hypothesize that impaired streams will respond differently to disturbance compared to recovered and unimpaired streams. Riffles were physically disturbed with rakes in AMD impaired streams (N=2), recovered streams (N=3), and unimpaired streams (N=2); macroinvertebrates were sampled immediately before disturbance and 5, 10, 15, and 30 days afterwards. Macroinvertebrates were identified to family and by functional feeding group. Taxonomic richness was higher in recovered and unimpaired sites before disturbance, 10 days, and 15 days after disturbance (p= 0.0522, 0.074, 0.0425, respectively). There was no significant difference 5 days or 30 days after. This indicates all sites responded similarly shortly after disturbance, but unimpaired and recovered sites returned to pre-disturbance richness, while impaired sites remained below pre-disturbance richness.

Mariah Thrush Hood (Primary Presenter/Author), Ohio University, mt364608@ohio.edu;


Kelly Johnson ( Co-Presenter/Co-Author), Ohio University, johnsok3@ohio.edu;

6/7/2017  |   13:30 - 16:00   |  Ballroom C

WESTERN SPRUCE BUDWORM HERBIVORY INCREASES THROUGHFALL NUTRIENTS BUT NOT LITTER DECOMPOSITION RATES Western spruce budworm outbreaks should intensify in coniferous Pacific Northwest forests as climate change causes shorter winters and hotter summers. Budworm defoliation could accelerate litter decomposition rates by increasing frass input to the forest floor followed by nutrient leaching and/or by stimulating nutrient losses from the canopy via leaching. In forest plots with and without budworms, we deployed native coniferous and non-native deciduous litter bags for one year to measure decomposition rates, and we collected throughfall for nutrient analysis. Budworm sites had higher net throughfall flux of soluble reactive phosphorus and ammonium (paired t-test, p<0.01), but dissolved organic carbon flux did not differ. Despite added nutrient inputs from budworms, litter decomposition rates did not differ between high and low budworm sites, although deciduous litter decomposed faster than coniferous litter (ANOVA, p<<0.001). Limited moisture from extended summer drought in this climate could regulate decomposition rather than nutrients. These results imply limited ability of microbial immobilization to buffer budworm nutrient inputs to litter, suggesting that nutrients infiltrate into soils with possible consequences for altered nutrient cycling rates and elemental export from watersheds.

Izak Neziri (Primary Presenter/Author), Central Washington University, izakneziri@gmail.com;


Clay Arango ( Co-Presenter/Co-Author), Central Washington University, arangoc@cwu.edu;


Sally Entrekin ( Co-Presenter/Co-Author), Virginia Tech, sallye@vt.edu;


Jennifer Lipton ( Co-Presenter/Co-Author), Central Washington University, liptonj@cwu.edu;


Alexandra Ponette-González ( Co-Presenter/Co-Author), University of North Texas, Alexandra.Ponette@unt.edu;

6/7/2017  |   13:30 - 16:00   |  Ballroom C

PHENOLOGY: PROJECTS TO EXPLORE NATURAL HISTORY AND CLIMATE CHANGE Phenology refers to the changes in activity and abundance observed in organisms across the seasons. Both frogs and stream insects exhibit such patterns, which can be analyzed using data collected in the field and from databases. In addition to seasonal changes in general, the role of climate change in altering phenological patterns is also discussed.

Keith Pecor (Primary Presenter/Author), The College of New Jersey, pecor@tcnj.edu;


Kristen Batko ( Co-Presenter/Co-Author), Northern Burlington County Regional School District, kbatko@nburlington.com;

6/7/2017  |   13:30 - 16:00   |  Ballroom C

AQUATIC INVERTEBRATE RESPONSE TO TROUT REMOVAL IN BRIGHT ANGEL CREEK, GRAND CANYON, AZ Top predators often act as keystone species, and their removal from an ecosystem can trigger trophic cascades, affecting all levels of the food web. In Bright Angel Creek, a tributary to the Colorado River in Grand Canyon, the National Park Service is concluding a five-year effort to mechanically remove introduced top predators, brown trout and rainbow trout from the stream. We evaluated the effects of nonnative fish suppression on food web dynamics and macroinvertebrate resource availability to native fish species. We collected benthic, drift and emergent adult samples seasonally throughout a 3.2 km trout removal reach and compared results to a baseline study conducted prior to trout removal. We predict that invertebrate community response to trout removal will manifest as an increase in predatory insects and a decrease in collector-gatherer insects consistent with a trophic cascade. By exploring the consequences of trout removal on the food web, our results will aid managers in better understanding the ecosystem-wide effects of nonnative fish within Bright Angel Creek, and in assessing the suitability of the stream for potential native endangered species reintroduction.

Megan Daubert (Primary Presenter/Author), USGS Grand Canyon Monitoring & Research Center , mdaubert@usgs.gov;


Ted Kennedy ( Co-Presenter/Co-Author), USGS Southwest Biological Science Center, Grand Canyon Monitoring and Research Center, tkennedy@usgs.gov;


Jeffrey Muehlbauer ( Co-Presenter/Co-Author), University of Alaska Fairbanks, USGS Alaska Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit, jdmuehlbauer@alaska.edu;


Brian Healy ( Co-Presenter/Co-Author), U.S. Geological Survey, bhealy@usgs.gov;

6/7/2017  |   13:30 - 16:00   |  Ballroom C

COMPETITION AMONG RIVERINE SPORT FISH INFERRED FROM GUT CONTENT ANALYSIS Rising stream temperatures associated with climate change are predicted to affect the distribution of fish species, potentially leading to novel competitive interactions. The purpose of this study was to examine dietary interactions between a warm water fish species, smallmouth bass (Micropterus dolomieu), that is likely to increasingly come into contact with cold water species such as brown trout (Salmo trutta). A secondary objective was to assess interactions between wild and stocked brown trout, as stocking also potentially affects resident cold water fish species. We predicted that diets would be similar between bass and trout and between stocked trout and wild trout. Diet items were obtained from 41 fish using gastric lavage, enumerated and categorized to the lowest taxonomic resolution possible (usually family or order), then analyzed statistically using non-metric multidimensional scaling (NMDS). Results showed little diet overlap between bass and trout, but nearly complete overlap between stocked and wild trout. We infer that smallmouth bass likely have minimal impact on food availability for brown trout in this stream, while stocked trout appear likely to directly compete with wild trout.

Eli Beal (Primary Presenter/Author), Indiana University of Pennsylvania, vyvt@iup.edu;


David J. Janetski ( Co-Presenter/Co-Author), Indiana University of Pennsylvania, janetski@iup.edu;

6/7/2017  |   13:30 - 16:00   |  Ballroom C

HOW MUCH INFORMATION IS IN A FISH GUT? FINE SCALE IDENTIFICATION OF FISH GUT CONTENT ANALYSIS: A NEW METHOD EXAMINED Gut content analysis has been used successfully for several decades, but the level of identification of gut contents can vary. Fine-grained identification of gut contents includes fish species or invertebrate genus, while broad-grained identification creates general taxonomic groups (e.g. “insects” or “algae”). We conducted a review of the literature to examine how frequently fine-grained identification was used in gut content analysis. Additionally, we used the Rio Grande Silvery Minnow (Hybognathus amarus) as a test organism to develop a method for analyzing gut contents with fine-grained identification of both algal and invertebrate taxa. We found that the way gut content analyses were reported in the literature are somewhat inconsistent, with different methodology and different levels of identification. The case study indicated that fine-grained level of identification did provide additional information about feeding preferences and was most useful for diatom taxa. The method we developed for fine-grained identification of both taxonomic groups was easily manageable. However, combining algal and invertebrate data was relatively rare in other studies.

Ayesha Burdett (Primary Presenter/Author), River Bend Ecology, Australia, Ayesha.Burdett@gmail.com ;


Rebecca Bixby ( Co-Presenter/Co-Author), University of New Mexico, bbixby@unm.edu;


Douglas Tave ( Co-Presenter/Co-Author), Interstate Stream Commission, Douglas.Tave@state.nm.us;


Louie Toya ( Co-Presenter/Co-Author), Interstate Stream Commission, Louie.Toya@state.nm.us;


Allison Hutson ( Co-Presenter/Co-Author), Interstate Stream Commission, Allison.Hutson@state.nm.us;